Pediatric Hip Ultrasound

Question 1

Normal capsule to bone distance for hip?

Question 2

Normal capsule to bone distance for hip?

Question 3

Capsule to bone distance in hip effusion?

Answer 3

usually >5mm

Question 4

What is DDH?

Answer 4

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

Question 5

DDH affects what percent of infants?

Answer 5

1-2%

Question 6

Which hip is most often affected by DDH?

Answer 6

left hip 3 X’s more than right hip

Question 7

Is DDH more common in males or females?

Answer 7

females

Question 8

Indications of DDH: (9)

Answer 8

• breech presentation
• hip click
• multiple gestations
• family history
• asymmetric skin creases
• abnormal hip clinical exam
• high birth weight
• oligohydramnios

Question 9

What is Galeazzi sign?

Answer 9

short femoral segment with hip and knee flexed

Question 10

When (age) do we ultrasound for DDH?

Answer 10

birth to 4-6 months, but ideally at 2 weeks

Question 11

Capsule to bone distance in hip effusion?

Answer 11

usually >5mm

Question 12

What is DDH?

Answer 12

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

Question 13

DDH affects what percent of infants?

Answer 13

1-2%

Question 14

Which hip is most often affected by DDH?

Answer 14

left hip 3 X’s more than right hip

Question 15

Is DDH more common in males or females?

Answer 15

females

Question 16

Indications of DDH: (9)

Answer 16

• breech presentation
• hip click
• multiple gestations
• family history
• asymmetric skin creases
• abnormal hip clinical exam
• high birth weight
• oligohydramnios

Question 17

What is Galeazzi sign?

Answer 17

short femoral segment with hip and knee flexed

Question 18

When (age) do we ultrasound for DDH?

Answer 18

birth to 4-6 months, but ideally at 2 weeks

Question 19

For DDH study, what are we examining in coronal view?

Answer 19

acetabular shape

Question 20

For DDH study, what are we examining in transverse view?

Answer 20

the stability of the femoral head with and without stress

Question 21

In coronal hip scan, hip should be flexed to

Answer 21

90 degrees

Question 22

What is Barlow’s test?

Answer 22

pistoning the knee posteriorly

Question 23

What is a normal alpha angle?

Answer 23

> or = to 60 degrees

Question 24

Alpha angle is obtained by the intersection of

Answer 24

the roof of the bony acetabulum and the ileum

Question 25

Graf Type 1

Answer 25

normal, alpha angle > or = 60 degrees

Question 26

Graf Type 2 a

Answer 26

physiologic immaturity (50-59 degrees under 3 months), will likely fix itself

Question 27

Graf Type 2 b

Answer 27

mild dysplasia ( 50-59 degrees > 3months), needs correction

Question 28

Graf Type 3

Answer 28

moderate dysplasia (43-49 degrees at any age), needs treatment

Question 29

Graf Type 4

Answer 29

severe dysplasia, (

Question 30

Most common treatment for DDH?

Answer 30

Pavlik Harness