Pediatric GI Flashcards
What is the most helpful (most sensitivity and specific) study to quantify severity of reflux?
24 hour intra-esophageal pH and impedance monitoring
What does impedance testing measure?
The direction of bolus movement in the esophagus via measurement of changes in resistance to alternating electrical current when a bolus passes by a pair of metallic rings mounted on the catheter
Where is the MC site for intussusception?
Most are ileo-colic with the ileum invaginating into the colon at the ileocecal junction
What electrolyte disturbances are caused by pyloric stenosis?
Hypochloremic, hypokalemic, metabolic alkalosis
What is Hirschsprung disease?
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24-48 hours of life
What is suggestive of Hirschsprung’s disease?
Palpable stool throughout the abdomen
Empty rectal vault
Hx of never having an unassisted stool
What is required for a definitive diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease?
A rectal biopsy
What is celiac disease?
An immune mediated inflammatory disease of the small intestine
What is a direct Coombs test?
Performed directly on RBCs from the pt
In which situations would you perform a direct Coombs test?
In situations where hyperbilirubinemia is felt to result from hemolysis especially ABO incompatibility in newborns
Which infants are most at risk for hyperbilirubinemia secondary to blood group (ABO) and Rh incompatibility?
Babies born to moms who are Type O or Rh negative
What is the MCC of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in a newborn baby?
Biliary atresia
What are the signs and sx of biliary atresia?
Cholestatic jaundice (conjugated hyperbilirubinemia)
Hepatomegaly
Acholic stools
