Pediatric Airway

Question 1

lung volume of pediatric patients

Answer 1

250mL when adults are 6000

Question 2

what is functional residual capacity

Answer 2

residual volume plus expiratory reserve volume. when outward pull of the chest equals the inward collapse of the lungs

Question 3

sniffing position set up for child less than 2 years old

Answer 3

put the towel under the shoulders

Question 4

pros and cons of high flow nasal cannula

Answer 4

can deliver 50-90% O2 however unpredictable PEEP

Question 5

how many liters of O2 can a simple mask deliver

Answer 5

6-10

Question 6

pros of non re breathing mask

Answer 6

10-15 liters, can deliver 95%

Question 7

what is CPAP

Answer 7

noninvasive Positive pressure ventilation

Question 8

pros of CPAP

Answer 8

prevents alveolar atelectasis, enhance and maintain FRC, reopens collapsed alveoli to improve oxygenation and ventilation

Question 9

BIPAP works how

Answer 9

delivers both expiratory and inspiratory positive airway pressure
will prevent alveolar atelectasis, enhances and maintains FRC

Question 10

what patients is BIPAP helpful in

Answer 10

intermitten apnea

Question 11

IPAP and EPAP pressures

Answer 11

IPAP 8-10

EPAP 4-6

Question 12

which bag mask does not allow for easy peep or able to deliver blow by

Answer 12

self inflating

Question 13

indications to intubate

Answer 13

hypoxia, hypercarbia, increased WOB, neuromuscular weakness, CNS failure, cardiovascular failure

Question 14

what Rx groups do you need to prepare for intubation

Answer 14

sedative/hypnotic
analgesic
muscle relaxant
lidocaine
atropine
epinephrine

Question 15

how to select ET tube size

Answer 15

Age/4 +4

Question 16

how to determine how deep ET tube should go

Answer 16

3x the diameter ET tube

Question 17

ET size and depth for neonate <28 weeks

Answer 17

2.5 mm and 7 cm depth

Question 18

ET size and depth for 28-34 weeks

Answer 18

3 mm and 8 cm depth

Question 19

ET size and depth for 35-38 weeks

Answer 19

3.5 mm and 9 cm depth

Question 20

ET size and depth for neonate till age 1

Answer 20

3.5-4 mm and 9-11 cm depth

Question 21

ET size and depth for 1-2 yo

Answer 21

4-4.5 mm and 11-14 cm depth

Question 22

ET size and depth for 2-4 yo

Answer 22

4.5-5 mm and 12-15 cm depth

Question 23

ET size and depth for 4-6 yo

Answer 23

5-5.5 mm and 14-17 cm depth

Question 24

ET size and depth for 6-8 yo

Answer 24

5.5-6 mm and 15-18 cm depth

Question 25

ET size and depth for 8-10 yo

Answer 25

6-6.5 mm and 17-20 cm

Question 26

ET size and depth for 10-12 yo

Answer 26

6.5-7 mm and 19-21 cm

Question 27

ET size and depth for >12 yo

Answer 27

7-7.5 mm and 21-24 cm

Question 28

pneumonic for deterioration after intubation

Answer 28

Displacement
Obstructed tube
Pneumothorax
Equipment Failure

Question 29

What analgesic is used for intubation in children and dosage

Answer 29

Fentanyl, 1-3 mcg/kg

Question 30

what anesthetics are used for intubation in children

Answer 30

ketamine, etomidate, thiopental, propofol

Question 31

avoid ketamine for intubation anesthetic when

Answer 31

increased ICP

Question 32

which anesthetic do you avoid for children in sepsis

Answer 32

etomidate

Question 33

which anesthetics cause decrease in SVR and CO

Answer 33

thiopental and propofol

Question 34

what sedative is used for intubation in children

Answer 34

versed

Question 35

side effects of versed

Answer 35

decreased SVR and CO

Question 36

What paralytics are used in intubation of children

Answer 36

vecuronium, rocuronium and succinylcholine