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Nursing (LHL) > Pedia N > Flashcards

Pedia N Flashcards

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1
Q

Gross-Motor Development

A

0 month: head lag (to 1 month)

2 months: lift head on prone position

4 months: lift head and chest on prone position

5 months: roll over (RF falls)

6 months: sit with support

7 months: bounces foot on mouth (Preparation for walking and standing later on)

8 months: sit w/o support

9 months: crawling and creeping

10: stand w/ support
11: cruising
12: stand w/o support, walk with support
15: walk alone
18: Jump

3y/o: Run/tribike

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2
Q

Fine-Motor Development

A

1-3 months: close fist

5: close + open/hold (rattle)
7: crude pincer grasp (transfer object to other hand)
9: neat pincer grasp (RF aspiration/choking/poisoning)
12: throw ball, uses spoon
15: drinking from a cup

2 y/o: vertical and horizontal line

3: Circle, curve, cross
4: square, rectangle
5: triangle, diamond, star
6: draws all shapes

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3
Q

Language Development

A

1-2 months: cry

3: coos, bubbles
4: vowel sounds, laugh loud
5: consonant sounds
7: mmmm cry
9: 2 vocabulary words = (mama + dada)
12: 4 words (Mama, papa + 2 more vocab words)

2 y/o: 50 words

3: 100 words
4: 200-300 words

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4
Q

RHOGAM ​

  • Preventive treatment: ______
  • Give mother 2 doses in 1 preganancy
    • 1st: ________
    • 2nd: _______
  • Mother must be _____ Coomb’s test
A

RHOGAM ​

  • Preventive treatment: Rh incompatibility
  • Give mother 2 doses in 1 preganancy
    • 1st: During pregnancy: 7 months
    • 2nd: 42-78 hrs after pregnancy
  • Mother must be neg (-) Coomb’s test
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5
Q

JAUNDICE

  • Physiologic:
  • Pathologic:

Treatment?

A

JAUNDICE

  • Physiologic: after 24 hours
    • usually appears 3-5 days after delivery
  • Pathologic: abnormal, within 24 hours

Treatment: Phototherapy

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6
Q

Cyanosis (Acrocyanosis)

  • Normal:
  • Abnormal:

Central Cyanosis: Normal or Abnormal?

A

Cyanosis

** Opposite sila ng jaundice

  • Normal: within 24 hours; acrocyanosis
  • Abnormal: after 24 hours
  • Central Cyanosis* is ABN!
  • Cause: CHD!!!!
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7
Q

FONTANELS

Anterior:

  • Also called ______; ______
  • Shape: _______
  • Closing: _____ months

Posterior:

  • Also called ______; ______
  • Shape: _______
  • Closing: _____ months

Sunken Fontanels?

Bulging Fontanels?

Delayed closure?

Early closure?

A

FONTANELS

Anterior:

  • Sinciput; Bregma
  • Shape: Diamond
  • Closing: 12-18 months

Posterior:

  • Occiput; Vertex
  • Shape: Triangular
  • Closing: 2-3 months

Sunken Fontanels? DEHYDRATION

Bulging Fontanels? Inc. ICP; HYDROCEPHALUS but normal in:

  • Crying baby
  • defecating baby

Delayed closure: HYDROCEPHALUS

Early closure (Craniosynostosis): abn, no space for brain development –> MENTAL RETARDATION!

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8
Q

TODDLER

A

TODDLER (1-3 y/o)

R. E. N. T.

Ritualistic

  • Temper tantrum: (1) Safety: Helmet/pillow; (2) Ignore behavior
  • Security Object

Ego centric

  • Self-centered: PARALLEL play

Negativism: NO

Toileting/Toothbrushing

  • 18 months (maturation: sphincter)
  1. Bowel
  2. Bladder: (1) Daytime, (2) Nightime control
  • Toothbrushing: 30 mons (2 1/2 yrs)

Priority: Safety!!!!! Use helmet/pillow

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9
Q

PRE-SCHOOLER

A

PRE-SCHOOLER

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10
Q

ADOLESCENT

A

ADOLESCENT (13-18)

  • inc growth and development
    *
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11
Q

POST-TONSILECTOMY

A
  • wof: bleeding
    • fresh blood (bright red); frequent swallowing
  • no dark colored foods
  • clear & cold fluids –> vasoconstriction; dec risk for bleeding
  • NO ice cream, YES popsicles (but not red or dark colored)
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12
Q

JONES CRITERIA

A

JONES CRITERIA

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13
Q

CYANOTIC or ACYANOTIC?

  1. TOF
  2. ASD
  3. VSD
  4. Transposition of Great Arteries
  5. PDA
  6. Truncus Arteriorus
  7. Shunting from L to R
  8. Shunting from R to L
A
  1. TOF - cyanotic
  2. ASD - acya
  3. VSD - acya
  4. Transposition of Great Arteries - cyanotic
  5. PDA - acya
  6. Truncus Arteriorus - cyanotic
  7. Shunting from L to R - acyanotic
  8. Shunting from R to L - cyanotic
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14
Q

DIGOXIN/LANOXIN

  • DOC for: _________
  • ___ Inotrope: ___ cardiac contraction
  • ___ chronitropic: ___ heart rate
  • Antidote?
A

DIGOXIN/LANOXIN

  • DOC for congestive heart failure
  • (+) Inotrope: Inc cardiac contraction
  • (-) chronitropic: dec heart rate
  • Nursing responsibilities:
    • apical HR
    • K (3.5-5 meq/L) -> Hypokal inc. risk of toxicity!!
    • Antidote: Digibind at bedside
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15
Q

TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

  • Name all cardiac defects
  • Primary cardiac defect?
  • position?
  • heart shape?
A

TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

  1. VSD
  2. Pulmonic valve stenosis - Primary cardiac defect
  3. Overriding of aorta
  4. R-sided cardiomegaly/R ventricular hypertrophy

Tet Spell: Squat position

  • Just observe –> good for the client, compensatory
  • If hindi nagsquat –> 1st intervention: promote knee-chest position

Boot-shaped heart

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16
Q

COARCTATION OF AORTA

  • Narrowing of the ______ aorta
A

COARCTATION OF AORTA

  • Narrowing of the descending aorta
  • Lower extremities:
    • Absence of femoral pulses
    • hypotension
  • Upper extremity:
    • hypertension
    • bounding pulses
17
Q

Cephalhematoma or Caput Succedaneum?

  • Common in NSD [primi]
  • edema of the head
  • fluid
  • blood
  • 3-6 days
  • 3-6 weeks
  • Hemolysis –> jaundice
A
  • Common in NSD [primi] - Cephalhematoma
  • edema of the head - Caput Succedaneum
  • fluid - Caput Succedaneum
  • blood - Cephalhematoma
  • 3-6 days - Caput Succedaneum
  • 3-6 weeks - Cephalhematoma
  • Hemolysis –> jaundice - Cephalhematoma
18
Q

Normal Drying of the umbilical cord?

Cord care?

A
  • 7-10 days.
  • Cord care:
    • Use sterile water for cord care.
    • Promote air drying. Do not cover!!!!
  • Late drying? Infection –> Omphalitis (infection of the umbilical cord
19
Q
  1. First urine of the baby should be within?
  2. How about the meconium?
  3. Delayed urine?
  4. Delayed meconium?
A

First urine of the baby should be within?

  • 12-24 hours
  • charcteristic: brick red urine –> d/t urates/uric acid in the urine

How about the meconium?

  • <24 hours

Delayed urine?

  • Can be polycystic kidneys

Delayed meconium?

  1. imperforated anus
  2. Hirshprung’s disease
  3. Cystic fibrosis
20
Q

NEWBORN SCREENING

  • RA 9288
    • According to law, newborn: 0-30 days
  • Blood: Heel (corner)
  • Done: more than 24 hours to 72 hours
  • Results: in 7-14 working days
  • Disorders?
  1. PKU
  2. Galactosemia – congenital cataract
  3. G6PD –> bawal ang soya, beans
  4. Congenital Hypothyroidism –> Cretinism
  5. Maple Syrup Disease –> Urine sweet smelling
  6. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
  7. Cystic Fibrosis
A

NEWBORN SCREENING

  • RA 9288
    • According to law, newborn: 0-30 days
  • Blood: Heel (corner)
  • Done: more than 24 hours to 72 hours
  • Results: in 7-14 working days
  • Disorders?
  1. PKU
  2. Galactosemia – congenital cataract
  3. G6PD –> bawal ang soya, beans
  4. Congenital Hypothyroidism –> Cretinism
  5. Maple Syrup Disease –> Urine sweet smelling
  6. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
  7. Cystic Fibrosis
21
Q
A

Nursing (LHL) (9 decks)

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