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Pedi Chapter 30 > Pedi Chapter 30 > Flashcards

Pedi Chapter 30 Flashcards

1
Q

Main function of skin

A

protection

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2
Q

First line of defense against

A

Disease

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3
Q

Four basic skin sensations

A

Pain, Temp, Touch, and Pressure are felt by the skin in conjunction with the nervous system

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4
Q

Skin secretes

A

Sebum, which helps to protect and maintain its texture

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5
Q

Skin Condition

A

May be manifested from a systemic disease or may be congenital.

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6
Q

Differences in skin

A

Texture, color, pH, and moisture

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7
Q

PDD

A

purified protein derivative; test useful in screening for TB

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8
Q

Hair

A

inspected for color, texture, quality, distribution, and elasticity. It may become dry and brittle due to lack of nutrition, it may begin to fall out or change color during illness or from certain medications.

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9
Q

The nurse should describe lesions with regard to:

A

Size, color, configuration, presence of pain or itching, distribution, and whether the rash is general or local and condition of skin around lesions.

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10
Q

Key component in preventing secondary infection from scratching

A

Managing itching

ex: Distractions, Mitts or socks over hands, clip finger nails, Benadryl, etc.

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11
Q

Macule

A

Flat Rash(freckles)

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12
Q

Papule

A

Elevated are(pimple)

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13
Q

Vesicle

A

Elevated, fluid filled blister(cold sore, chickenpox)

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14
Q

Pustule

A

Elevated, pus filled(acne)

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15
Q

Crust

A

Scab

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16
Q

Wheal

A

Raised red, irregular(mosquito bite, allergic reactions)

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17
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Black and blue-purple mark(bruise)

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18
Q

Stye

A

An infection of the sebaceous gland of the eyelash

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19
Q

Strawberry nevus

A

Common hemangioma that may not become apparent for a few weeks after birth

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20
Q

Port wine nevi

A

present at birth and are caused by dilated capillaries. Are flat, sharply, demarcated, and purple to pink

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21
Q

Butterfly rash

A

Over the nose and cheeks can be associated with photosensitivity and may be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus

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22
Q

Milaria

A

“prickly heat” refers to a rash caused by excess body heat and moisture. Accompanied by pruritus(itching)

23
Q

Intertrigo

A

“Chafing” Occurs in the folds of the skin. Patches are red and moist

24
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

“cradle cap” an inflammation of the skin that involves the sebaceous glands. Characterized by thick, yellow, oily, adherent, crust-like scales on the scalp and the forehead.

25
Q

Diaper dermatitis

A

“diaper rash” commonly seen condition that results from prolonged contact of the skin to a mixture of urine and feces.

26
Q

Acne Vulgaris

A

“Acne” an inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles in the skin

Because of hormonal influence, the sebaceous glands enlarge at puberty and secrete increased amounts of a fatty substance called sebum.

27
Q

Herpes simplex type I

A

“cold sore or fever blister” Begins with a feeling of tingling, itching or burning on the lip

Crust can form; healing occurs in 8-10 days

Can be treated with Zovirax

28
Q

Infantile eczema or atopic dermatitis

A

Inflammation of genetically hypersensitive skin

Lesions easily infected by viral or bacterial agents

29
Q

Staphylococcal Infection

A

Mostly occurs in preemies and newborns, an abscess may form, and infection may enter the blood stream resulting in septicemia.

Ointments may be locally applied.

30
Q

MRSA

A

Infection resistant to certain antibiotics and are handles under strict contact isolation precautions.

31
Q

Scalded skin syndrome

A

Caused by S.aureus

Begin with a mild erythema with sandpaper texture; vesicles appear and rupture and peeling occurs, exposing a bright red surface.

Skin looks as though it has been scalded; child abuse is often suspected.

IV antibiotics, strict isolation, and prevention of secondary infection are priorities.

32
Q

Impetigo

A

An infectious disease of the skin caused by staphylococci or by group-A beta-hemolytic streptococci
Results when the organism comes in contact with a break in the skin ex insect bite

*If oozing it’s contagious!!

33
Q

Tinea pedis

A

“Athletes foot” lesions are present between the toes,on the instep, and on the soles.

34
Q

Tinea capitis

A

“ringworm of the scalp” characterized by patches of alopecia(hair loss)

35
Q

Tinea corporis

A

“Ringworm of the skin” evident as an oval scaly inflamed ring with a clear center

36
Q

Tinea cruris

A

“thigh” affects the groin area and is commonly referred to as “jock itch”

37
Q

Pediculosis

A

Infestation of humans by lice

38
Q

Pediculosis capitis

A

Head lice; affects the scalp and hair

39
Q

Pediculosis corporis

A

Body lice

40
Q

Pediculosis pubis

A

pubic lice, known as “crabs”

41
Q

Survival lice

A

Depends on blood extracted from infected person

42
Q

Scabies

A

A parasitic infection caused by itch mite, Sarcoptes scabiei.
Occurs typically between the fingers
Caused by adult female mite who burrows under the skin and lay eggs.
Burrows contain the eggs and feces of the mite.

43
Q

Burn

A

Leading cause of accidental death between 1-4 years of age.

44
Q

Time when burns likely occur

A

Early morning before parents awaken and after school

45
Q

Thermal burn

A

Due to fire or scalding vapor or liquid

46
Q

Chemical

A

Due to corrosive powder or liquid

47
Q

Electrical

A

Due to electrical passage through the body

48
Q

Radiation

A

Due to x ray or radioactive substances

49
Q

Immature response systems in young children

A

Can cause shock and heart failure.

50
Q

6 Cs of Burn care

A 
Clothing
Cooling
Cleaning
Chemoprophylaxis
Covering
and Comforting(Pain relief)
51
Q

Electrical Burn

A

Assess for entry and exit lesions

52
Q

Emergency Care

A

Stop the burning process
Evaluate the injury
Cover the burn
Transport to a hospital

53
Q

Emergency Care Continued

A

Establish an airway
Establish an IV line
Obtain blood and other body fluids for laboratory testing
A NG tube with be placed

54
Q

Pain Control

A

Very Very Important!

Pedi Chapter 30 (1 decks)

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