Pedagogy Terms Flashcards
UDL
Universal Design for Learning
Stages of UDL
- Engagement (affective networks)
- Representation (recognition networks)
- Actions & Expression (strategic networks)
RTI
Response to Intervention
Tiers of RTI
Tier 1: Core Classroom Instruction
Tier 2: Small Group Intervention
Tier 3: Intensive Individual Intervention
Who created Zone of Proximal Development and what is the Zone of Proximal Development?
Liv Vygotsky
Zone of PD: What a student can learn but with assistance.
Smaller zone of PD: What a student can do independently.
Larger zone of PD: What a student can’t do independently nor with assistance.
Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
- 0-2 - Trust vs. Mistrust
- 2-3 Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt
- 3-5 Initiative vs. Guilt
- 5-13 Industry vs. Inferiority
- 13-21 Identity vs. Inferiority
- 21-39 Intimacy vs. Isolation
- 40-65 Generativity vs. Stagnation
- 65+ Integrity vs. Dispair
Jean Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
- Sensorimotor (0-2 / making sense through objects/separation anxiety)
- Preoperational (2-7 / learning through language (learning to read/reading to learn, mental images, pretending)
- Concrete operational (7-11 / logical thinking, understands #’s, conservation of information)
- Formal operational (11+ / abstract thinking, understands hypotheses, understands others perspectives, high-order and critical-thinking skills)
Stages of Moral Development
Pre-conventional (3-7 years / right vs. wrong)
Conventional (8-13 / views of others are important)
Post-conventional (adulthood / abstract ideas)
Positive Guidance
Tell what to DO, rather than what NOT to do.
Rather than yelling or saying no, explain why the behavior is unacceptable.
Be positive and promote good behaviors.
Class management.
Behavioral Learning Theory
Learning through observations.
Stimulus = Response
Assessment Guided Approach
Create assessments first from curriculum standards/objectives and then plan objectives afterwards.
PBL
Project-Based Learning
Learning is more hands-on and includes personal/real issues for students.
Creative thinking
Open-ended questions
Informal vs. Formal Assessments
Informal: unplanned, observations, think-pair share, note taking, groups/partners
Formal: tests, rubric-assignments, presentations
Formative vs. Summative Assessments
Formative: are done during the course/unit
- observations
- quizzes
- homework
- classwork
- venn diagrams
- exit tickets
Summative: are done at the end of a course/unit
- standard-based tests
- benchmarks
- state assessments
- end of unit tests
Quantitative vs. Qualitative
Quantitative: uses numbers / measures / OBJECTIVE
- not influence by personal feelings
Qualitative: observations / involves senses / SUBJECTIVE
- influenced by personal feelings
Deductive vs. Inductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning: Theory supported by specific examples
Inductive Reasoning: Drawing conclusions from data
Discovery Learning
Students learn through their own discovery and experiences
Imagination, research, make connections
Direct Instruction
*teaching method
When the teacher teaches the majority of the lesson with less student activities.
Time Management
*class management Students write down assignments in planners/agendas. Plan out what they have to do and by when (due dates) Students make learning and personal goals for themselves.
Adapting Instruction
Using different strategies and familiar examples.
Link new concepts that are already known.
Effective learning
Providing a foundation of background knowledge of a topic
Assessment Bias
Assessment results aren’t all valid because students abilities all differ - different life experiences, background, knowledge, abilities, learning styles
Cognitive Development
Comprehending how to read text
Learning to read > Reading to learn (6-9 years so in concrete operational stage + school age)
SLE
Supportive Learning Environments
- supporting students through positive reinforcements
- praise for assistance
