Pectoral and Axillary regions

Question 1

Which ribs are atypical

Answer 1

1 and 2 (odd shape)

11 and 12 (floating ribs)

Question 2

really strong joint in sternal region

Answer 2

sternoclavicular joint

Question 3

The breast is a modified?

Answer 3

sweat gland

Question 4

What is the retro-mammary space?

Answer 4

potential space between the pec major pectoral fascia and the fat breast tissue

Question 5

order of breast to nipple

Answer 5

mammary gland lobules—> alveolus–>lactiferous ducts–> lactiferous sinus

Question 6

what is the breast innervate by?

Answer 6

intercostal nerves 4th-6th

• anterior and lateral branches
• some supraclavicular innervation

Question 7

what connects the breast tissue to the overlying dermis?

Answer 7

suspensory ligaments (cooper’s ligaments)

Question 8

arterial supply to the breast

Answer 8

mammary branches from the anterior intercostals, lateral thoracic, and internal thoracic arteries
-perfortaing branches off internal thoracic vessels

Question 9

venous drainage breast

Answer 9

medial mammory veins–> lateral thoracic vein–>axillary veni

Question 10

what is polythelia

Answer 10

an extra nipple

Question 11

what is polymastia

Answer 11

a supernumerary breast

Question 12

what does the clavipectoral fascial envelope

Answer 12

pectoralis minor and part of the subclavius

Question 13

when the clavipectoral fascia joins the pectoral fascia it is called the?

Answer 13

axillary fasicia

Question 14

pectoral region superficial fascia contents

Answer 14

1) platysma
2) supraclavicular nerves
3) anterior and lateral branches of intercostal nerves

Question 15

clavipectoral triangle borders

Answer 15

deltoid, pecs major, lateral 1/3 of clavicle

Question 16

clavipectoral triabgle contents

Answer 16

cephalic vein, deltopectoral LN, deltoid branch thoracoacromial artery

Question 17

what pierces the clavipectoral fascia

Answer 17

• cephalic vein
• thoracoacromial artery
• lateral pectoral nerves

Question 18

pectoralis major origin and insertion

Answer 18

origin: medial clavicle, anterior surface sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages

Insertion: lateral lip intertuberular sulcus

Question 19

Pecs major

1) action

Answer 19

• adducts, and medial rotates humerus
• draws scapula anteroirly and inferiorly
• clavicular portion flexes humers
• sternal potion can extend humerus while it is flexed

Question 20

pecs major

2) blood supply

Answer 20

pectoral branch of thoracoacromial arterial trunk

Question 21

pecs major

3) innervation

Answer 21

lateral and medial pectoral nerves
(C5-C6 clavicular portion)
(C7,C8,T1: sternocostal portion)

Question 22

pectoralis minor: origin and insertion

Answer 22

origin: 3-5 ribs, insertion: coracoid process of scapula

Question 23

pecs minor

1) action

Answer 23

stabilizes scapula by pulling it anteriorly and inferiorly

Question 24

pec minor blood supply

Answer 24

pectoral branch of thoracoacromial arterial trunk

Question 25

pec minor innervation

Answer 25

medial pectoral nerve (C8,T1)

Question 26

subclavius 1) action 2) blood 3) nerve

Answer 26

1) anchors and depresses clavicle 2) clavicular branches of thoracoacromial arterial trunk 3) nerve to subclavius

Question 27

blood supply to serratus anterior

Answer 27

lateral thoracic artery

Question 28

what muscle divides the axillasry artery into 3 main parts?

Answer 28

pectoralis minor

Question 29

part 1 of axillary artery?

Answer 29

superior thoracic artery

Question 30

part 2 (behind pecs minor)

Answer 30

thoracoacromial trunk 1) Pectoral 2) Deltoid 3) Acromial branch 4) (Clavicular branch)

Question 31

part 3

Answer 31

``` subscapular artery 1)cicumflex scapular 2) thoracodorsal anterior circumflex humeral posterior circumflex humeral ```

Question 32

bounderies of the axilla | 1) apex

Answer 32

clavicle, scapula, first rib

Question 33

boundaries of the axilla | 2) base

Answer 33

- skin and superficial fascia - anterior axillary fold: pecs major - posterior axillary fold: latissimus dorsi and teres major - chest wall: serratus anterior

Question 34

boundaries of axilla (anterior wall)

Answer 34

clavicle, subclavius, pec minor, and pec major

Question 35

boundaries of axilla (posterior wall)

Answer 35

scapula, lats, subscapularis, teres major

Question 36

boundaries of the axilla (lateral structures)

Answer 36

intertubercular sulcus, tendon of long head biceps, coracobrachialis tendon

Question 37

contents of the axilla (axillary sheath)

Answer 37

axillary vein, artery, brachial plexus