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MSKI Final > Pectoral and Axillary Regions > Flashcards

Pectoral and Axillary Regions Flashcards

1
Q

Osteology of the Pectoral Region

A

clavicle
sternum (manubrium, body, xiphoid)
ribs
scapula

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2
Q

Atypical Ribs

A

1, 2, 11, and 12

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3
Q

True Ribs (vertebrocostal)

A

1-7

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4
Q

False Ribs (vertebrochondral)

A

8-10

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5
Q

Floating Ribs

A

11-12

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6
Q

The Breast

A 
cutaneous
modified sweat glands
on pectoral fascia 
retromammary spaces b/w breast and pectoral fascia
inn. by intercostal n. 4-6
attached to skin by Cooper's Ligaments
mammary glands lobules converge on the nipple 
15-20 lactiferous ducts open at nipple
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7
Q

Arterial Supply - Breast

A

mammary branches from anterior intercostal, lateral thoracic, and internal thoracic arteries

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8
Q

Venous Drainage - Breast

A

mainly to axillary vein via lateral thoracic veins and medial mammary veins
some drainage to internal thoracic vein via anterior intercostal veins

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9
Q

Lymphatic Drainage - Breast

A

more that 75% of lymph from breast - AXILLARY lymph nodes
nipple, areola, lactiferous lobules - subareolar lymph nodes
remaining lymph - parasternal and abdominal lymph nodes

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10
Q

Innervation - Breast

A

mainly from ANT. and LAT. BRANCHES of the 4th-6th INTERCOSTAL N.
some from supraclavicular n branches as well as branches of other intercostal n.

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11
Q

Polymastia and Polytheia

A

accessory breast and accessory nipples along the mammary ridge

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12
Q

Superficial Fascia - Pectoral Region

A

platysma
supraclavicular n.
anterior and lateral branches of intercostal n.

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13
Q

Deltopectoral (clavipectoral) Triangle

A

deltoid, pectorals major, middle 1/3 of clavicle make up borders
cephalic vein
detopectoral lymph nodes
deltoid branch of thoracoacromial a. (from axillary a.)

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14
Q

Clavipectoral Fascia

A

invests subclavius and pectoralis minor
attaches to clavicle and anterior thoracic wall
cephalic vein, thoracoacromial a, and lateral pectoral n pierce it
becomes suspensory ligament of axilla

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15
Q

Pectoralis major m.

A

Actions: ADducts and medial rotation of humerus, flexion of humerus (clavicular portion), anteriorly and inferior movement of scapula, extend humerus while flexed (sternal portion)

Blood supply: pectoral branch of thoracoacromial arterial trunk

Inn: lateral and medial pectoral n.

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16
Q

Pectoralis minor m.

A

Actions: stabilizes scapula by pulling it anteriorly and inferiorly agains posterior thoracic wall

Blood supply: pectoral branch(es) of thoracoacromial arterial trunk

Inn: medial pectoral n. (usually pierced by this nerve)

17
Q

Subclavius m.

A

Actions: anchors and depresses clavicle

Blood supply: clavicular branch(es) of thoracoacromial arterial trunk

Inn: nerve to subclavius (C5,C6)

18
Q

Serratus anterior m.

A

Actions: protracts scapula, rotates scapula, holds scapula agains thorax

Blood supply: latera thoracic a.

Inn: long thoracic n.

19
Q

Axillary a. Pt. 1

A

superior thoracic a.

20
Q

Axillary a. Pt. 2 - Throacoacromial trunk

A

pectoral branch
deltoid branch
acromial branch
clavicular branch

21
Q

Axillary a. Pt. 3 - distal/lateral to P. minor

A

subscapular a. (circumflex scapular and thoracoodorsal)
anterior circumflex humeral
posterior circumflex humeral

22
Q

Venous Drainage - Pectoral Region

A

drained by axillary vein

23
Q

Axillary vein

A

deep brachial veins

superficial veins of arm and forearm (basilic and cephalic veins)

24
Q

Basilic v.

A

continues as axillary vein

25
Q

Cephalic v.

A

drains into axillary before it becomes subclavian vein

26
Q

Boundaries of the Axilla

A 
a pyramid shaped space
apex
base (A&P axillary folds)
anterior wall
posterior wall 
medial wall
lateral wall
27
Q

Apex of Axilla

A

clavicle
scapula
1st. rib

28
Q

Base of Axilla

A

skin and superficial fascia
ant. axillary fold - pectoralis major
post. axillary fold - LATS and teres major
chest wall - serratus anterior

29
Q

Anterior Wall of Axilla

A

clavicle
subclavius
pectoralis major
pectoralis minor

30
Q

Posterior Wall of Axilla

A

scapula
subscapularis
latissimus dorsi
teres major

31
Q

Lateral Wall of Axilla

A

intertubercular sulcus
tendon of long head biceps
coracobrachilalis tendon

32
Q

Axillary sheath

A

axillary v.
axillary a.
brachial plexus

MSKI Final (4 decks)

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