Pectoral and Axilla I Flashcards
The medial end of the clavicle is what shape and why?
It is expanded for articulation with the manubrium and first costal cartilage
The distal end of the clavicle is what shape and why?
flattened for articulation with acromion process
What are the origin, insertion, and innervation of the trapezius muscle?
origin: superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, and vertebrae C7-T12.
insertion: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
innervation: cranial nerve 11: the accessory nerve
What are the origin, insertion, and innervation of the latissimus dorsi?
Origin: T6-L5, sacrum, iliac crest, and ribs 10-12
Insertion: intertubercular groove
Innervation: Thoracodorsal
What is the action of latissimus dorsi?
extends, adducts, and medially rotates
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the levator scapulae?
Origin: Transverse processes of C1-4
Insertion: Superior angle of scapula
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve
Elevates and rotates scapula
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the rhomboid major and minor?
Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T5
Insertion: Medial border of scapula. Minor is superior to the spine, major is inferior
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve
Retracts, elevates, and rotates scapula
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the deltoid?
Origin: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerous
Innervation: Axillary nerve
Abduction, flexion, extension, and medial or lateral rotation
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the supraspinatus?
Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Superior facet of greater tubercule of humerus
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve
Abduction of arm
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the infraspinatus?
Origin: Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: Middle facet of greater tubercule of humerus
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve
Lateral rotation of arm
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the teres major?
Origin: Lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular groove
Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve
Medial rotation, adduction, extends a flexed arm
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the teres minor?
Origin: Lateral scapular border
Insertion: Inferior facet of greater tubercule of humerus
Innervation: Axillary nerve
Lateral rotation of arm
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the long head triceps?
Origin: infraglenoid tubercule of scapula
Insertion: Olecranon process of posterior ulna via common tendon
Innervation: Radial nerve
Extends forearm
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the subscapularis?
Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercule of humerus
Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerve
Medial rotation of the arm
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the pectoralis major?
Origin: Medial 1/2 of clavicle, anterior surface of sternum
Insertion: Lateral lip of intertubercular groove
Innervation: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation
What goes through the clavipectoral triangle?
Cephalic vein
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the pectoralis minor?
Origin: Ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process
Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve
Pulls tip of shoulder down, protracts scapula
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the subclavius?
Origin: First rib
Insertion: Inferior surface of clavicle
Innervation: subclavian
Pulls tip of shoulder down, pulls clavicle medially to stabilize sternoclavicular joint
What are the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the serratus anterior?
Origin: Lateral surface of ribs 1-8/9
Insertion: Costal (rib) surface of medial scapular border
Innervation: Long thoracic nerve.
Protraction, depression, and rotation of scapula
What makes up the apex of the axilla and why is it important?
It’s the inlet for the axillary vessels and the brachial plexus. It is bounded by the first rib, the medial edge of the coracoid process, and the posterior edge of the clavicle.
What makes up the anterior wall of the axilla?
Pec major, pec minor, subclavius, and clavipectoral fascia
What makes up the posterior wall of the axilla?
Subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major
What makes up the lateral border of the axilla?
Medial humerus. The anterior and posterior walls converge on the intertubercular groove
What makes up the medial wall of the axilla?
The first four ribs with their external intercostal muscles, and the superior portion of the serratus anterior muscle
What makes up the floor of the axilla?
Skin and axillary fascia. The base is convex superiorly, which makes the armpit concave
