PEC L1 Flashcards
Intellectual Disabilities
disorder with onset during developmental stage that includes both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social and practical domains.
3 MAJOR INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
- Down Syndrome
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
- Developmental Delays (GDD)
DOWN SYNDROME
A genetic disorder caused by extra chromosomes 21 and characterized by mental retardation and distinguishing physical features.
3 TYPES OF DOWN SYNDROME
- Trisomy 21
- Chromosomal Mosaicism
- Translocation
TRISOMY 21
Three copies of chromosomes 21 rather than the usual 2
CHROMOSOMAL MOSAICISM
Occurs when some cells fail to separate during mitosis
Translocation
Occurs when a child inherits one chromosomes 21 from each parent and abnormally fused chromosome from other parents.
CELEBRITIES WITH DOWN SYNDROME
- Pablo Pineda - First person with down syndrome to earn major degree in the regular school in Spain.
- Madeline Stuart - First professional model with down syndrome
- Jamie Brewer - first woman with DS to walk the red carpet at New York fashion week 2015.
SYMPTOMS OF DOWN SYNDROME
- Short stature
- Flat, broad face with small ears and nose
- Hypotonia (floppy face)
- Wide gap of first and second toes.
- Hyper flexibility of joints
- upward slanting face
CAUSATION OF DOWN SYNDROME
- Age of mother (too young or too old)
- child inherit genetic translocation from the parents
- exposure to harmful substance and radiation
INTERVENTION
- Individualize Educational Plan (IEP): tailored to address the specific developmental and health challenges.
- Early Intervention service such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, behavioral therapy and, safety and awareness.
FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS)
- is a condition for babies whose mother are heavy consumers of alcohol pregnancy.
CELEBRATIES WITH FAS
- Jim Carrey - facing a lot of abandonment issues for his mother and one of the most notable comedians at all time.
- Morgan Fawcett - Tlingit flute player diagnosed with FASD
- Daniel Radcliffe - British actor known for playing Harry Potter that struggles with the effects of FAS and dyspraxia.
SYMPTOMS OF FAS
- small at birth
- unusual facial feature
- impaired motor coordination
- exhibit problems with the executive functions
- central nervous system function.
CAUSATION OF FAS
- Caused by mother excessive alcohol consumption
INTERVENTION FOR FAS
- pregnant women should avoid drinking alcohol at any time
- early intervention service such as seeking help to healthcare professionals, early intervention specialist, vocational rehabilitation services, life skills training professionals, mental health professionals. and counselors who deal with substance misuse.
CELEBRETIES WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY
- Tom Cruise - Diagnosed with Dyslexia
- Justine Timberlake - struggle with learning disability, ADHD and OCD
- Keanu Reeves - Struggled dyslexia
DEVELOPMETAL DELAY/ GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY
- is a neurodevelopmental disability that is only diagnosed in children less than 5 years of age.
SYMPTOMS OF DEVELOPMENTAL DELAYS
- Learning and developing more slowly than other children same age
- Rolling over, sitting up, crawling, or walking much later than developmentally appropriate.
CAUSATION of DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY
– Children exposed to social deprivation
- identifiable genetic disorder
- Trauma to the brain
INTERVENTION OF Developmental Delay
- Physical therapy
- occupational therapy
speech and language therapy
early childhood special education
early childhood special education
behavioral therapy
