Peasnt Opposition Flashcards
peasnt opposition
Peasants mainly ignored politics but some didn’t
– involvement varied on location and Status in rural Society
– old educated peasants were more involved and against changes detrimental to their well-being
– they also should allegiance to political parties
Peasants were 70 to 80% of the population so uprising that were large scale were taken very seriously
• disturbances with dealt with by Force but we usually followed by reforms
Riots occurred mainly due to land distribution and food access
and these riots occurred from Alexander II past Khrushchev
Alexander II [1855-1881]
Peasant opposition caused by the emancipation addicts 1861
The emancipation edits impacted on peasants attitudes in creating many peasant disturbances in the thousands
Alexander III [1881-1893]
Peasnt opposition
Peasant disturbances quietened down until 1890s when there were further outbursts of revolt
which were quieted with the help of land captains
who dealt with the opposition from the peasants
Nicholas II [1893-1917]
Peasnt opposition
Peasant rebellion reached a new level between 1900-7 from it by unsatisfactory attempts to deal with Redemption payments (ment to last for 49 yrs)
– And land distributions
– as well as rising prices
• Some rural people stole some private/state land which were being used as forests or grazing pastures to farm
– some refuse to pay taxes
– some robbed warehouses
– some physically attack landowners and resulted to Incendiary
( setting fire to rural property and hay)
Nicholas II [1893-1917]
Peasnt opposition
Black Earth Region Revolts 1906-7
Revolts of 1906-7 under Nicholas the second in the black earth regions ( the south western borderlands to asiatic Russia)
Put down with great force by stolypin (who hung so many, the nuse became known as Stolypin’s necktie)
• who also carried out land reforms to appease the peasants meaning the peasants were successful in developing larger scale action
• 1908-14 Stolopin’s reforms calmed peasant leaders
– till World War 1 in 1916 peasants protested:
– high food prices
–rising urban food demands
– due to the lack of tech/ materials such as fertilizer
– this increased the issue as there was low productivity
• the Feb 1917 Revolution peasants helped attack landowners, destroy public utilities and doing pesant vigilantism
Provisional Government [1917]
peasnt opposition
During the provisional government peasnt opposition
Rose from the fact that the only way the provisional government would introduced land reforms
would be after the constituted assembly has been established which they refused to do until the end of World War One
Therefore the peasants and deserting soldiers took the law into their own hands and took the land from landowners themselves
Lenin [1917-1924]
peasnt opposition
There were Civil War riots as the peasants wanted to increase their positions
This resulted in quasi independent peasant armies led by Heroes such as chapayev
These mini armies either supported the bolsheviks or the white army or neither
They became known as the green armys
• the peasants resented grain requisition which was the key part of War communism, opposition to this included
– hoarding grain and murdering trading and eating the people who would come to collect this grain
• NEP was introduced to appease the peasants
Stalin [1929-1953]
Peasnt opposition
Collectivisation led to peasant unrest as collectivization and dekulakisation was not the very popular among peasnts
• Thousands of peasants die as a result of the different phases of collectivization
• there was opposition to the scaling speed of the Reform
• And opposition the loss of the Mir as an organizing institution (1930)
• at the peak of collectivization peasants refused to cooperate and Show dissidents by slaughtering large numbers of cattle and Horses
Khrushchev [1956(3)-1964]
peasnt opposition
Under Nikita there was stability in the countryside and little rural unrest
• however however his agricultural policy such as the Virgin landscape well there is successful so by 1963 Russia was in food shortages again and had to import grain from Australia and the USA
