pearson questions for cancer Flashcards
The results of a client’s biopsy indicates neoplasm. The nurse understands that which characteristic indicates that the neoplasm is benign?
A. Non-cohesive
B. Invades surrounding tissues
C. Rapid growth
D. Well-defined border
D
When assessing a client with cancer, which immune system manifestation would be a concern?
A. Behavioral changes
B. Cyanosis
C. Absent bowel signs
D. Evidence of infection
D
The nurse is discussing benign versus malignant neoplasms with a client who is being evaluated for possible malignancy. Which characteristic of a malignant neoplasm would the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
A. Invasive B. Cohesive C. Rapid growth D. Encapsulated E. Not always easy to remove
A, C, E
A client with cancer is complaining about rapid weight and muscle mass loss. The nurse explains that they are experiencing which characteristic feature of cancer?
A. Metastasis
B. Cachexia
C. Paraneoplastic syndrome
D. Tumor lysis syndrome
B
The nurse is providing a class at the local community center for mothers of school-age children. Which evidence-based cancer screening guideline should the nurse include concerning breast cancer prevention?
A. Obtain annual breast ultrasounds beginning at age 55.
B. Complete monthly self-breast exams.
C. Begin annual mammograms at age 45.
D. Get a breast exam every 2 years by a healthcare provider
C
The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cancer. The nurse explains a test that is ordered to determine the blood supply to the tumor. To which test is the nurse referring?
A. X-ray
B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C. Computed tomography (CT) scan
D. Angiography
D
The nurse is discussing chemotherapy with a client newly diagnosed with cancer. Which statement is accurate regarding chemotherapy? (Select all that apply.)
A. ”Some chemotherapy binds with DNA.”
B. ”Iron supplements are part of chemotherapy.”
C. ”Chemotherapy can have life-threatening side effects.”
D. ”Chemotherapy involves the use of cytotoxic medications.”
E. ”Pregnancy limits which kinds of chemotherapy can be used.”
A, C, D, E
The nurse is performing a physical assessment of a client suspected of cancer. Which component of the client’s health history is most important for the nurse to consider while assessing the client for cyanosis?
A. Complaints of constant migraines
B. Sun exposure
C. Complaints of abdominal pain
D. Exposure to secondhand smoke
D
The client care assistant tells the nurse that they think a client with cancer might have an infection. Which question asked by the nurse would help elicit information to most accurately identify early signs of infection in immunocompromised clients?
A. ”Do they seem lethargic?”
B. ”Has the drainage from their surgical wound increased?
C. ”Do they have a fever?”
D. ”Is their heart rate and respiratory rate increased?”
D
Upon helping assistive personnel with morning care of a client with cancer, the nurse notes that the client’s gums are bleeding easily. Which intervention should the nurse include in the nursing care plan for future oral care of this client?
A. Refer the client to a dental oncologist for assessment.
B. Rinse the mouth twice daily with an alcohol-based mouthwash.
C. Obtain a new toothbrush.
D. Clean teeth with a soft cloth over the finger.
D
A 42-year-old patient has returned to the oncology clinic after having a prostate ultrasound.
If the results are positive for finding a mass, which other diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be planned?
A. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
B. Nuclear imaging
C. Biopsy
D. X-rays
C
The nurse notes that the tumor for a patient with breast cancer is staged according to the TNM Staging System as Tis, N1a, M0.
How should the nurse describe this patient’s cancer?
A. Tumor in situ, regional nodes involved-no metastasis, no evidence of distant metastasis
B. Tumor in situ, regional nodes cannot be assessed clinically, distant nodes involved
C. No evidence of primary tumor, no abnormal regional nodes, no evidence of distant metastasis
D. Tumor spreading into nearby tissues, regional nodes involved-metastasis suspected, evidence of distant metastasis
A
The nurse is discussing preventive screening guidelines with a 55-year-old male. He asks if he should get a PSA test because he has not had one yet.
Based on evidence-based screening guidelines, how should the nurse respond?
A. “Let’s first discuss the benefits and limitations of PSA testing.”
B.“PSA tests are no longer recommended, because they were not found to be accurate.”
C.“Yes, every male over age 50 should have a PSA test.”
Unselected
D. No, PSA tests do not need to be done until age 65.”
A
Oncogenes are one of the several theories associated with how cancer begins.
Which definition best defines oncogenes?
A. Abnormal genes that decrease the body’s ability to produce carcinogenic agents
B. Suppression of cells that produce enhanced parent cell growth
C. Mutation of cells that triggers DNA and RNA synthesis
D. Abnormal genes that trigger multiplication of cells
D
A patient scheduled for a mastectomy asks the nurse, “Why do I need to have radiation before surgery if the doctor is just going to cut out the tumor?”
Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
A. “Radiation can be used before surgery to shrink large tumors.”
B. “Radiation will decrease the amount of pain that you will have after your surgery.”
C. “If the radiation works, you may not need to have the surgery.”
D. “Radiation will help to prevent infection after surgery.”
A
