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Pearson Edexcel Citizenship Paper 2 Revision Flashcards

1
Q

Who are the EU?

A

A group of 27 nations in Europe who have free movement (no barriers) and trade agreements

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2
Q

Who are the EU’s key members?

A

They’re all equal (27 total members)

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3
Q

What does the EU do?

A

They have the council of Europe which is the European Parliament to create laws for all members to follow

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4
Q

What are benefits of being an EU member?

A
  • Financial support
  • Free trade in large market
  • Citizens can live where they want
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5
Q

What are negatives of being in the EU?

A
  • Have to follow EU laws and regulations which might not be relevant to certain countries
  • Pay a lot of money to be a member
  • No say on migration
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6
Q

Who are the Commonwealth?

A

A group of 54 countries once part of the British Empire who now come together through friendship for free trade, sharing of resources and sporting events

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7
Q

Who are the key members of the Commonwealth?

A
  • UK
  • Australia
  • India
  • Canada
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8
Q

What does the Commonwealth do?

A
  • Share trade and resources among member countries
  • Commonwealth games to promote friendship
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9
Q

What are benefits to the UK of being a Commonwealth member?

A
  • Trade as we’re no longer in the UK and we need relations
  • Promotes peace between countries
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10
Q

What are negatives to the UK of being a Commonwealth member?

A
  • We give a lot of money and resources to member countries
  • Negative history of slavery
  • No legal power
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11
Q

Who are the UN?

A

They were formed after WWII to promote peace and security among nations. They formed the UDHR which protects rights and has sustainability goals.

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12
Q

Who are key members of the UN?

HINT: Security Council

A

Security Council Permanent Members:
- China
- Russia
- US
- UK
- France

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13
Q

What does the UN do?

A
  • Global sustainability goals
  • Decisions on global issues e.g. Covid-19 (humanitarian aid and vaccine development)
  • Protects Human rights (UDHR)
  • Military aid to promote peace (global peace and security)h
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14
Q

What are benefits to the UK of being a member of the UN?

A
  • Keeps the UK safe
  • Protects human rights
  • Share resources between other countries
  • Permanent member of the Security Council so has more power
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15
Q

What are negatives to the UK being a member of UN?

A
  • Very expensive as we’re a permanent member
  • Other countries contribute less than the UK
  • UK unlikely to need aid
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16
Q

Who are NATO?

A

The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation follows the Geneva Convention and helps promotes peace around the world. They also promote the message: “an attack on one, is an attack on all”

17
Q

Who are the key members of NATO?

A
  • USA
  • UK
  • Canada
  • France
  • Belgium
18
Q

What does NATO do?

A
  • Provides military training for member countries
  • Mediate peace around the world
  • Deterrent
19
Q

What are benefits to the UK of being a member of NATO?

A
  • Keeps the UK safe
  • Need relations in Europe since leaving the EU
  • They are a deterrent for other countries
20
Q

What are negatives to the UK of being a member of NATO?

A
  • Really expensive
  • Not all countries contribute fully
  • Could draw us into a war we have no right to be in
21
Q

Who are the WTO?

A

The WTO deals with trade between countries and have been doing so since January 1st 1995

22
Q

How many members are in the WTO?

A

164 - all of the main developed countries are members

23
Q

What does the WTO do?

A
  • Provides free mediation on trade disagreements
  • Tells countries how to do business
  • Promote global free trade
24
Q

What are benefits to the UK of being a member of the WTO?

A
  • Aims to make trade as open and as transparent as possible
  • Needs trade relations as we’ve left the EU
25
Q

What are the negatives to the UK of being a member of the WTO?

A
  • Favour nations like the USA which could be seen as undemocratic
  • EU laws are more important in hierarchy
26
Q

Who are the ICC?

A

The International Criminal Court was set up in 2002 by the UN but it is now a separate organisation

27
Q

Which key countries aren’t members of the ICC?

A
  • China
  • USA
  • Russia
28
Q

What does the ICC do?

A
  • Hears war crimes when a country’s own justice system has failed
  • Uses the Geneva Convention to give sentences
29
Q

What is a benefit to the UK of the ICC?

A

It tries to promote justice

30
Q

What are the negatives to the UK of being a member of the ICC?

A
  • Many key countries do not recognise its authority
  • Has failed to sentence anyone for any real length of time
31
Q

What are NGOs?

A

NGOs aim to bring help and resources to those who need it

32
Q

What are some examples of NGOs?

A
  • Red Cross
  • Shelter Box
  • Water Aid
33
Q

What do NGOs do?

A

Help people in need around the world in various different areas

34
Q

What are some benefits to NGOs?

A
  • They are impartial to any government so:
    —> Help who they want
    —> Spend money how they want
    —> Don’t have to follow the government’s political beliefs
35
Q

What are negatives of NGOs?

A
  • Don’t have access to large funding from the government

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