Pearls/ Mudpiles

Question 1

Anion gap metabolic acidosis

Answer 1

"MUDPILES"
Methanol intoxication
Uremia
Diabetic or alcoholic ketoacidosis
Paraldehyde
Isoniazid or Iron overdose
Lactic acid
Ethylene glycol intoxication
Salicylate intoxication

Question 2

Non-anion gap metabolic acidosis

Answer 2

Renal tubular acidosis
Diarrhea
Gastrointestinal fistula
Post-hyperventilation
Post-anion gap acidosis

Question 3

Vomitting

Answer 3

Metabolic alkalosis

Hypocholermic metabolic alkalosis is closely associated with Pyloric stenosis

Question 4

An anion gap of greater than 12 is “increased”

Answer 4

pearl

Question 5

If you determine that your patient has a primary metabolic acidosis (low pH with low HCO3), the next step is to calculate the anion gap because the anion gap helps you determine the etiology of the metabolic acidosis.

The anion gap is the difference between the measured serum cations (positively charged particles) and the measured serum anions (negatively charged particles). The commonly measured cation is sodium and the measured anions include chloride and bicarbonate.

Anion gap = [Na+] - ([Cl-] + [HCO3-])

Answer 5

pearl

Question 6

Anion gap = [Na+] - ([Cl-] + [HCO3-])

Answer 6

Add Na - Cl + HCO3