PEARLS Flashcards
“After warfarin is discontinued, anticoagulant effects persist for”
“2 to 5 days.”
“Asian patients may require lower starting and maintenance doses of”
warfarin
“Some genotypes require lower doses of”
warfarin
“Persons older than 60 years are more likely to have”
“larger increases in INR (after dose is increased) compared with younger patients.”
“INR values lower than 2.0 increase”
stroke risk sixfold
“Mayonnaise, canola oil, and soybean oil also have high levels of”
vitamin K
“patient is already on HCTZ and doing well,”
do not change
“TB blood tests (IGRA) are preferred method of TB testing for people who have received”
the BCG vaccine
“During recent influenza seasons, between 80% and 90% of influenza-related deaths occurred in people aged”
“65 years or older. Remind older patients to get the influenza vaccine starting in the fall season.”
“MEEs can persist for 8 weeks or longer after treatment of”
AOM
“recommended for patients with allergic rhinitis”
“Allergy pillow covers, allergy mattresses, and HEPA allergy filters for air conditioners”
“Many are allergic to dust mites, an indoor allergen.”
“The FDA recommends that health providers avoid prescribing oral ketoconazole (Nizoral PO) for fungal skin and nail infections because”
“the harm (serious liver damage, etc.) outweighs the benefit. Topical ketoconazole shampoo is safe.”
“for rashes near the eyes USE”
“ophthalmic-grade sterile cream and ointments”
“Patients with scarlet fever are at higher risk for developing”
“postglomerular nephritis (compared with “strep” throat).”
“Recurrences of tinea pedis and tinea cruris infection are”
Common
“Patients on anti-TNF biologics are at higher risk for”
“melanoma and squamous cell skin cancer.”
“there is no evidence of tooth staining with short courses of doxycycline.”
“Per the CDC, recent research”
“Only a person who has had chickenpox (rarely the chickenpox vaccine) can get”
Shingles
“A susceptible person (who has never had chickenpox or been vaccinated) can become infected from shingles, but”
“that person’s initial infection will manifest as chickenpox.”
“Major bleeding episodes can occur even with a normal INR. Order an”
“INR with the PT and the PTT if you suspect bleeding.”
“Coumadin is an FDA category”
X drug
“after changing the warfarin dose to see a change in the INR it may take up to”
3 days
“It may take up to 3 days after changing the warfarin dose to see”
“a change in the INR”
“Hypertensive patients who are less than 20/10 mmHg above goal can initially be treated with”
Monotherapy
“Per JNC 8, consider chlorthalidone or indapamide (instead of hydrochlorothiazide)”
“better evidence and longer half-life.”
“may cause memory loss, confusion, etc. (cognitive effects), which are reversible upon discontinuation”
Statins
“Patients on simvastatin and lovastatin should avoid”
“grapefruit juice. Also, they should not mix these two statins with macrolides.”
“Muscle pain (mild to severe) from rhabdomyolysis is usually located on the”
“calves, thighs, lower back, and/or shoulders. Urine will be darker than normal (reddish-brown color). Rule out rhabdomyolysis if patient on a statin complains of muscular pain with dark-colored urine”
