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MSRA > Peads > Flashcards

Peads Flashcards

1
Q

Drug and dose for suspected meningitis

A

Age 1-10: 600mg IM BenPen

>10: 1200mg

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2
Q

Mx of asthma in >15 y

A

Same as 5-15, theophylline at end

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3
Q

Drug treatment protocol in ADHD, side effects

A

Last resort, age 5 and over only.

6 week trial of methylphenidate

Side effects: abdo pain, nausea, cardio toxic

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4
Q

Rubella features

A

Rash: pink maculopapular, initially on face before spreading to whole body, usually fades by the 3-5 day
Lymphadenopathy: suboccipital and postauricular

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5
Q

Scarlett fever

A

Fever, malaise, tonsillitis
‘Strawberry’ tongue
Rash - fine punctate erythema sparing the area around the mouth (circumoral pallor)

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6
Q

Definition of precocious puberty

A

<8 in girls

<9 in boys

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7
Q

Autosomal dominant vs recessive

A

Autosomal recessive: metabolic (except at ataxia)

Autosomal dominant: structural (except Gilbert’s, hyperlipidaemia)

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8
Q

tetralogy of fallot vs transposition of great arteries age of presentation

A

TOF: 1-2 months
TGA: first 24-48hours of life

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9
Q

Management of reflux in babies

A
  1. Trial little and often feeds
  2. Trial thickened feeds
  3. Gaviscon (not together with thickening agents)
  4. PPI
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10
Q

age of knowing ‘mama, dada’ and 2-6 words

A

9 months; mama, dada

12-15 months. 2-6 words (Refer at 18 months)

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11
Q

When to immediately refer a fever child to paediatrics

A

<3 months and pyrexial > 38.0

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12
Q

Presentation and treatment of PDA

A
  • continuous ‘machinery’ murmur
  • large volume, bounding, collapsing pulse
  • wide pulse pressure
  • heaving apex beat

Tx: indomethacin or ibuprofen

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13
Q

When to admit in bronchiolitis

A 
apnoea 
child looks seriously unwell
severe respiratory distress, eg grunting, marked chest recession, or a RR> 70 breaths
central cyanosis
persistent o2 sats <92%
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14
Q

Major risk factors for SIDS

A 
prone sleeping
parental smoking
bed sharing
hyperthermia and head covering
prematurity
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15
Q

TOF presentation in newborns

A

Cyanotic episodes, boot shaped heart (coer en sabot), clubbing

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16
Q

at what age is hand preference abnormal

A

<12 months, could indicate cerebral palsy

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17
Q

Fragile X presentation

A

Learning difficulties, macro orchidism, macrocephaly

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18
Q

Kawasaki presentation

A

High fever lasting >5 days
red palms with desquamation
strawberry tongue

“Japanese expensive strawberries causing red peeling palms”

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19
Q

Tx of croup

A

Stat dose dexamethasone

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20
Q

Webbed neck and pectus excavatum

A

Noonan’s syndrome

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21
Q

Low set ears, cleft palatte, polydactyly, micro ophthalmia

A

Patau syndrome

22
Q

Most common cause of hypothyroidism in children

A

Autoimmune thyroiditis

23
Q

Meningitis vaccine schedule

A

2, 4 and 12 months

24
Q

Emergency management of severe croup

A

Oxygen and nebulised adrenaline

25
Q

Age of presentation of Perthes disease

A

4-8

26
Q

TOF features

A 
ventricular septal defect (VSD)
right ventricular hypertrophy
right ventricular outflow tract obstruction
pulmonary stenosis
overriding aorta

VRROP

27
Q

Management of Kawasaki

A

High dose aspirin
IV Ig
Echo to screen for coronary artery aneurysm

28
Q

Schedule for MMR vaccine

A

1 year

3-4 years

29
Q

Tx of whooping cough

A

azithromycin or clarithromycin if the onset of cough is <21 days

30
Q

micrognathia, low-set ears, rocker bottom feet and overlapping of fingers

A

Edwards syndrome

31
Q

Sit without support milestone

A

7-8 months

32
Q

Knows own name milestone

A

9-12 months

33
Q

Talk in short sentences

A

2-5-3 years

34
Q

small upturned nose, long philtrum (upper lip length), wide mouth, full lips, small chin, and puffiness around the eyes, aortic stenosis

A

Williams syndrome

35
Q

6 in 1 vaccine

A

2, 3 and 4 months

diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, Hib and hepatitis B

36
Q

MMR vaccine age

A

1 year

3-4 years

37
Q

Risk factors for surfactant deficient lung disease

A

male sex
diabetic mothers
Caesarean section
second born of premature twins

38
Q

Micrognathia
Posterior displacement of the tongue (may result in upper airway obstruction)
Cleft palate

A

Pierre robin syndrome

39
Q

Whooping cough vaccine in pregnancy

A

16-32 weeks

40
Q

Jaundice in babies

A

First 24hours, always pathological
Day 3-day 14; physiological

If doesn’t resolve, jaundice screen

41
Q

Palmar grasp

A

5-6 months

42
Q

Tower of 3-4 blocks

A

18months

43
Q

Crawls and walks unsupported

A

Crawls: 8-10 months
Walks: 12-15 months

44
Q

Tx for meningitis in children <3

A

Cefotaxime and amoxicillin

45
Q

Age of day and night time continence

A

3-4

46
Q

Characteristically anterior knee pain on walking up and down stairs and rising from prolonged sitting

A

Chondromalacia patellae

47
Q

Life threatening asthma attack

A 
SpO2 <92%
PEF <33% best or predicted
Silent chest
Poor respiratory effort
Agitation
Altered consciousness
Cyanosis
48
Q

Perthes age of presentation

A

4-8

49
Q

Contraindications to MMR

A

severe immunosuppression
allergy to neomycin
children who have received another live vaccine by injection within 4 weeks
pregnancy should be avoided for at least 1 month following vaccination
immunoglobulin therapy within the past 3 months

50
Q

Initial mx of cyanotic heart disease

A

Prostaglandin E1

MSRA (8 decks)

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