PEACE TREATIES - WW1

Question 1

Wilson’s Fourteen Points (at least 4)

Answer 1

1. No secret treaties
2. Free access to the seas
3. Free trade between countries
4. All countries working towards disarmament
5. Colonies to have a say in their own future
6. German troops to leave Russia
7. Independence for Belgium
8. France to regain Alsace-Lorraine
9. Frontier between Italy and Austria to be adjusted
10. Self-determination for Eastern European countries
11. Serbia to have access to the sea
12. Self-determination for the people of the Turkish empire
13. Poland to become an independent state
14. League of Nations

Question 2

Leaders of the Treaty of Versailles

Answer 2

“The Big Three”
David Lloyd George - Britain
Georges Clemenceau - France
Woodrew Wilson - USA

Question 3

ToV Reparations cost

Answer 3

£6,600 million up to 1984

Question 4

ToV Armed Forces restrictions (5 details)

Answer 4

No conscription
100,00 men
No AVs, planes or submarines
6 battleships
Rhineland demilitarised

Question 5

ToV territory impact (four statistics)

Answer 5

Germany lost:

• 10% of its land in Europe
• All overseas colonies
• 12.5% of its population
• 16% of coalfields and almost 50% of its iron and steel industry

Question 6

ToV signing date

Answer 6

28 June 1919

Question 7

What did the French do in reaction to German workers’ strike in the Ruhr

Answer 7

Killed over 100 workers and expelled over 100,000 protestors

Question 8

When did France invade the Ruhr

Answer 8

11 January 1923

Question 9

Hyperinflation statistics

Answer 9

A loaf of bread in 1918 cost 0.63 marks. In July 1923 it cost 3465 marks and by November 1923 it cost 201,000,000,000 marks (201 billion)

Question 10

What countries did the other treaties deal with?

Answer 10

St Germain (1919) - Austria
Neuilly (1919) - Bulgaria
Trianon (1920) - Hungary
Sevres (1920) - Turkey. Later redone as Lausanne in 1923.

Question 11

Summary of the Treaty of St Germain

Answer 11

• Austria’s Army limited to 30,000 men
• Anschluss forbidden
• Austro-Hungarian empire broken up
• Austria suffered sever economic problems due to the treaty.

Question 12

Summary of the Treaty of Neuilly

Answer 12

• Bulgaria lost land to Greece, Romania and Yugoslavia
  (B GRV, Big Green Round Yonkers)
• Army limited to 20,000 and £10 million in reparations
• One of the less harsh treaties.

Question 13

Summary of the Treaty of Trianon

Answer 13

• Hungary lost territory to Romania, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia
  (H RCY, Hitler Rented Cars Yearly)
• Due to pay reparations but never could as its economy was so weak

Question 14

Summary of the Treaty of Sevres

Answer 14

• Turkey lost territory to Bulgaria, Italy and Greece
  (T BIG, Territory Loss BIG)
• Army restricted to 50,000 men
• Strictly limited navy and no air force

Question 15

What was the reaction to the Treaty of Sevres?

Answer 15

Turkish Nationalists under Mustafa Kemal Pasha (MKP, Make Kids Pee) set up a new grand assembly and stopped the Treaty. Regained land lost and this was recognised in the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923.