Peace And Conflict Flashcards
Garden of eden
God created a world that was very good (gen1:31) . It was a place of paradise but humans rejected gods rules which brought sin,to corrupt human nature, sin brought anger and violence
Story of Cain and Abel
(Genesis 4) cain got jealous of abel, God said to Cain ( sin is ourking at your door, you must master it) , Cains anger turned to violence so he plotted to kill him in a field. Cain killed his brother and god said “ your brothers blood is crying out to me from the ground”
Bullying definition
The deliberate intimidation of a person through words or physical action
What do bullying words do
It damages self esteem, causes fear, leaves a sense of powerlessness
Violence definition
Using actions that can threaten or harm others
Jesus talking about viokence
The seeds of bitterness ,anger and jealousy needs to be controlled , as they lead to violence and murder
Bible quote for the tongue
James 3 “ but no one can tame the tongue, a restless evil full of deadly poison”
Forgiveness definition
Showing grace and mercy and pardoning someone for their wrondoings
Reconcilliation definition
Restoring harmony to broken down relationships
Who supports reconcilation
Pope francis supports reconcilation and respect between religions
What does reconcilation bring
A more peacful futur, a stronger relationship, respect for other religions, opportunity to learn from the past
Justice definition
Bringing about what is right and fair , according ro las or making up for a wrindoing
What can justice do on earth
Establishing justide can helps spread god’s kingdom on earth
View on righteous anger
Righteous anger should be avoided whenever possible however is acceptable because it can be controlled and channeled to positive action, jesus used righteous anger in the temple (john 2)
Righteous anger definition
Anger against injustice
What can injustice cause
It causes people to lose their sense of self-worth and self-respect
Why is justice so important
God’s desire is for everyone to be treated fairly.Amos taught that creating Justice is more important worship is done properly
Reasons christians are agaianst violent protests
Most catholics agree with the uk law that it is legal to protest peacefully against injustice
May take part in a peacdul march to make a point
Violent protests are ineffective and damaging way to create chamge and mau result in loss of life
Reasons people are for violent protests
Some people will join others in protests which they accept may lead to violence if that is the only way to get government attention
Violent protests were supported by the suffragette movement to make a change
The church has previously took part in violent protest agaianst the government in 2015
Prophet Amos quote
Take away from me the noise of the songs, I will not listen to the melody or your harp but lt justice roll down like waters
Just war theory conditions
Just war criteria- it must be the last resort , having tried to solve the dispute, innocent civilians should not be attacked, only proportional force should be used( weapons not too destructive), it must be a just cause(self defense,
Catechism of the catholic church -“all other means of putting an end to it must have been shown impractical or ineffective”
Opinions in British society about just war
We can only support a war if it has met the just war conditions
The just war theory is dangerous as it defends the concepts of war
The army should only go to war when there is major power abuse or serious threat to british security
It is better if war can be avoided by working together
Bible quote supporting the just war
Jesus said” the one who has no sword must sell his cloak and buy ome” luke 22:36
Why did christians not fight in wars
The early christians did not believe they has the right to take someones lif but when christianity became the official religioj of roman empire, they either had the choice to fight or let the empire be overrun by invaders
Just war definition
A set of criteria that a war needs to meet before it can be justified, as war is sometimes neccessary
Bible quote against just war theory
Exodus 14:14 The Lord will fight for you; you have only to be still.
Catholic attitudes against nuclear war and WMD
They completely indiscriminate and have long term affect (kill everyone, young or old)
The effects are disproportionate to any success that follows
WMD has small sucess, as Pope benedict says “no victors,only victims”
The cost of research , maintaining and building these weapons prevents governments spending money to improve peoples lives
Possessing these weapons creates fear,tension , makes world less safe
Weapons of mass destruction definition
Weapons that kill large numbers of people
Chemical weapons
Use chemicals to harm and destroy natural environments
Nuclear weapon
Use nuclear reactions to devastate huge areas
Biological weapons
These use living organisms to cause disease or death
Pope john on WMD
The warning of pope pius XII still rings in our ears “ nothing is lost by peace, everything is lost by war “
Contrasting views on WMD
Some people believe having these weapons deter other countrys from attacking, important for self defense as other countries have them,end wars quickly
What does the catholic church teach about civilian casualties
The catholic church teaches it is wrong for civilians to be attacked or threatened ,instead, they should be protected
The catechism of the catholic church states “non combatants , wounded soldiers and prisoners must be respected and treated humanely
Refugee definition
Many civilians are forced to flee the fighting because their homes have been destroyed or facd serious risk of death
They have to flee with few possesions and have difficulty finding somewhere save to live
Catholic opinions on refugees
Refugees should be welcomes and protected in all countries. They campaign for governments and individuals to help
How to help refugees
Many people are unable to take in refugees but can give money
Pope francis quote on refugees
“May every parish ,every religious community,every monastery,every sanctuary in Europe host a family,starting with my diocese in rome
Contrasting views against refugees
Britain doesn’t have enough resources to support refugees
Holy war definition
Fighting for a religious cause or god ,controlled by a religious leader
Jesus wuote on use of violence in war
Jesus taught the use for viokence was rarely justified
“You shall not murder, and whoever murders shall be liable to judgement”
Mathew 5
Why was violence accepted in the old testament
The Israelites fought to establish the promised land and defend the country. However they persucuted people for fighting for their survival
Exodus 21:24 “eye for eye,tooth for tooth”
Why is violence not acceptable in the old testament
God’s wish is for peace for all people , not for war
An example of a holy war
The thirty years war, the crusades
What was the crusades
It took place between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries, fought by cheistians who believed if they died they would go to heaven, aimed to free holy land from muslim turks,authorised by popes who believed it was gods will
Who needs to approve a holy war
A religious leader such as the pope
The purpose of a holy war
Defend the christian faith from attack
What is a pacifist
Someone who refuses to take part in war and any form of violence
The early christians were pacifist
Christian views on pacifism
Jesus taught it is much better to bring peace than the use of viokence. “If anyone strikes you on the right cheek,turn the other also” mathew 5:39
Religious denominations supporting pacifism
The quakers promote pacifism and acted as stretcher bearers im the first world war
Pacifist examples
Martin luther king(leader of us civil rights)
Martin of tours
Christian charities
Cafod , caritas international, pax christi(peace of christ)
Catholic views on pacifism
Everyone has a right to protect themselves but emphasise non-violent actions to resolve conflict
Pope francis “ war never again,never again war” but he aknowledges self defense
Argument on pacifism
Always wrong to fight,even in self defense
Jesus taught peace is better than violence
Some people believe in the sanctity of life
Force is neccessqry to solve disputes
It is the duty of a country to defend its people
a country not prepared is seen as weak
Pope francis efforts
In 2013 , he urged people to pray for peace in Ulraine
In 2014, he organisised a meeting between presidents of Israel and palestine
He tries to bring peaceful solutions to areas of conflict “war is madness”
The work of catholic agencies
Cafod-helps children who became child soldiers
Aid to the church in need - provided shelter ,blankets,medicine and food
Caritas international- provide food,shelter and water
What is terrorism
The unlawful use of violence , usually agaianst innocent civilians
Why do people use terrorism
Some individuals ise terror campaign with the aim frightening people so that they are afraid to go about their daily lives
Who does terrorism affect
The violnce is normally against innocent civilians and is usually designed to undermine governments and force authorities to give way to certain demands
Bible perspective on terrorism
They should obey the authorities , as they have been put their by god
“Let every person be subject to the governing authorities” romans 13
Pauls command was never to take vengeance ,
“Beloved,never avenge yourselves” romans 12
Why terrorism has been useful
The jewish maccabees resorted to violence terrorist attacks against non jewish powers that was trying to force them to give up religious beliefs. Without this, judaism might not have survived
Pope francis opinion on terrorist
It is wrong to carry out acts of terrorist in the name of god” terrorism threatens,wounds and kills indiscriminately” catechism
Examples of terrorism in britain
Islam extremists carry out attacks in glasgow
IRA detonated bombs in warrington
Why do terrorist kill
They have a distorted and innacurate view of the world and what god wants
Torture definition
Severe physical or phychological pain
Why can torture sometimes be acceptable
If torture is being used to get information to prevent a great wrondoing , terrorist attack then it might be justified
The catholic church opposes torture because
It views it as barbaric,it is illegal,it denies the victim their basic human rights, international law does not allow it even in war
Radicalisation definition
Adopting extreme views
Why does the catholic church concerned on radicalisation
The church focuses on mutual respect so it is concerned as it makes people unwilling to accept alternate views.
It is a threat to unity and stability of society
Who does radicalisation affect
Younger people who feel rejected by society or religion.
Martyr definition
Christians that have been persucuted and put to death for refusing to give up their beliefs
Catholic martyrdom
The suffering and death of a martyr - does not include suicide bombers
Christian martyr
Someone who is willing to suffer and be killed for christ under full consciousness
They follow the teachings of jesus”If any want to become my followers, let them deny themselves and take up their cross and follow me’ (Matthew 16:24 (NRSV)).
