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Key Words > PE Paper 1 > Flashcards

PE Paper 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define agonist

A

The muscle that is the primary instigator of a joint movement

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2
Q

Define antagonist

A

The muscle that opposes the motion of the agonist

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3
Q

What is the all or non law?

A

A muscle fibre has to either fully contract or not contract at all: there is no in-between level of contraction

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4
Q

What is an eccentric contraction?

A

A muscular contraction that involves the muscle lengthening

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5
Q

What is a concentric contraction?

A

A muscular contraction that involves the muscle becoming shorter

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6
Q

What is a fixator?

A

The muscle that stabilises the joint during movement, aiding the efficiency of the agonist muscle

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7
Q

What is an isometric concentraction?

A

A muscular contraction that involves no change in muscle length

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8
Q

What are baroreceptors?

A

Sensors detecting changes in blood pressure

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9
Q

Define breathing frequency

A

The number of breaths per minute

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10
Q

Define cardia control

A

The volume of blood ejected by the heart per minute

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11
Q

What are chemoreceptors?

A

Sensors detecting chemical changes within the blood

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12
Q

What is diastole?

A

Phases of heart beat when the heart relaxes and the chambers fill with blood

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13
Q

What is EPOC?

A

The increased volume of oxygen following exercise

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14
Q

Define minute ventillation

A

The volume of air inspired or exhaled per minute

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15
Q

What are proprioreceptors?

A

Sensors that detect changes in body position through changes in muscle length tension and joint angles

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16
Q

Define stroke volume

A

The amount of blood ejected from the heart per beat

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17
Q

What is systole?

A

Phase of heart beat when the heart contracts and ejects blood from the heart

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18
Q

Define tidal volume

A

The volume of air displaced from the lungs

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19
Q

What is the vascular shunt mechanism?

A

How the vascular system shunts and redistributes blood towards the exercising muscles via vasodilation and vasoconstriction

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20
Q

What is vasoconstriction?

A

The narrowing of arteries to restrict blood flow

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21
Q

What is vasodilation?

A

The widening of arteries to increase blood flow

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22
Q

What is energy balance?

A

The difference between energy intake and energy expenditure

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23
Q

Define energy expenditure

A

The using up of energy

24
Q

Define energy intake

A

The amount of energy consumed through the diet

25
Q

What is an ergogenic aid?

A

A substance that can improve physical or mental performance

26
Q

What is a nutritional aid?

A

Food and drink which help to optimise energy levels

27
Q

What is a pharmacological aid?

A

A drug that benefits sports performance

28
Q

What is a physiological aid?

A

Technique which optimises the physical conditioning of an athlete through increased adaptive responses

29
Q

Define aerobic capacity

A

The ability of an individual to undergo sustained aerobic exercise

30
Q

Define atherosclerosis

A

The build up of plaque in an artery

31
Q

What is the competition stage?

A

Stage occurring during the season focusing on maintaining performance levels

32
Q

What is continuous training?

A

Constant period of training with no rest periods

33
Q

Define dynamic flexibility

A

The level of flexibility when performing a quick movement which is not maintained

34
Q

Define flexibility

A

The range of motion at a joint

35
Q

What is high intensity interval training?

A

Short bursts of highly intense exercise followed by periods of rest

36
Q

Define repetitions

A

The number of times the exercise is performed

37
Q

Define sets

A

The number of times a predetermined block of reps is completed

38
Q

Define static training

A

The level of flexibility when maintaining a still body position

39
Q

Define tapering

A

Reducing the amount of training while keeping the intensity the same

40
Q

What is the transition phase?

A

Stage occurring after competition but prior to pre-season focusing on rest

41
Q

What is VO2 max?

A

The maximal volume of oxygen that can be consumed and utilised by the body

42
Q

Define acceleration

A

The positive change in velocity of an object

43
Q

Define air resistance

A

An opposing force that exerts itself upon a body moving through the air

44
Q

Define centre of mass

A

The point at which the total body mass is concentrated

45
Q

What is the effort arm?

A

The distance from the effort to the fulcrum

46
Q

Define effort

A

The force that is needed to move the load

47
Q

What is the fulcrum?

A

Where the rotation or movement of the lever takes place

48
Q

Define inertia

A

The resistance of an object to change its current state of motion

49
Q

What is the load arm?

A

The distance from the load to the fulcrum

50
Q

Define load

A

Any weight that needs to be moved in a lever system

51
Q

Define momentum

A

The quantity of motion that is taking place in a moving object

52
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

An object stays in a constant state of motion unless acted upon by an external force

53
Q

What is Newton’s second law?

A

An object will accelerate in the same direction as the force applied upon it and the amount of acceleration is directly proportional to this force

54
Q

What is Newton’s third law?

A

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

55
Q

Define reaction

A

The equal and opposite force acting in the opposite direction to the force being exerted

56
Q

Define weight

A

The force of gravity acting on an object

Key Words (1 decks)

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