Pe exam revision Flashcards
What are the benefits of physical activity in relation to the prevention of lifestyle diseases?
It increases our cardiovascular health by reducing the risk of heart disease, and improves our blood pressure.
Identify an individual or populations physical activity from data provided.
Just analyse it breh!
I can read stimulus material such as text, graphs and images and discuss key points that relate directly back to the stimulus.
Look at command terms and marks.
Describe types of lifestyle disease and how to prevent them.
Heart disease/ stroke - can be caused by poor diet and physical inactivity, we can prevent this by eat a nutritional varied diet as well as doing at least 60 minutes of exercise per day.
Type 2 Diabetes- is caused by unhealthy eating, obesity, and sedentary behaviour, we can prevent this by doing the same as the other 2.
Obesity- is caused by excessive eating and weight gain as well as lack of physical activity, we can prevent this by managing portion sizes, doing regular exercise and eating nutritious foods
Explain some barriers to physical activity. Including; geographic location, socio-economic status etc.
Talk about accessing playgrounds and low income education and occupation.
Explain why muscle strengthening activities are recommended in the national physical activity guidelines (NPAG) and how often they should be completed
The NPAG says the muscle strengthening exercises can improve muscular health and overall health by improving muscular endurance and making us more capable of completing daily activities.
Discuss legitimate reasons why younger Australians are more likely to be physically active than elderly Australians.
- Social media influence
- Higher energy levels
- Faster recovery
Discuss various barriers to physical activity.
Environmental barriers- rain, lightning, heat
cultural- religion, gender, SES
Physical- injury, illness.
What are reasons why PA decrease across the lifespan.
- Less time due to work and responsibilities, sedentary occupations like office work reduces physical activity, less motivation.
Provide strategies/programs that could be put in place to increase PA in older (65+) Victorians.
Running or gym classes for 65+, create charities that require running from old people.
How can we determine the effectiveness of intervention programs for physical activity?
By using the SMARTER goal setting system.
What is SMARTER?
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time bound, Evaluated, Reviewed.
Explain the youth physical activity promotion model and list some predisposing and reinforcing factors
It is a framework to promote youth physical activity, some predisposing factors are having low self efficacy, having a low SES, some reinforcing factors are support from mates and seeing a physical change.
Explain why increased sedentary behaviour can negatively affect people’s physical, social and psychological wellbeing.
Psych- more likely to develop depression or anxiety.
Phys- increased risk in lifestyle diseases like obesity.
Social- less opportunities to make friendships and build relationships
How does the social ecological model work, its levels of influence and how it is used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in school, work and community settings.
List a program that increases PA in community, workplace or school setting.
Community- sporting programs like futsal lessons
Workplace- monitoring steps with watches and the person with the most is rewarded
School- ride to school day or fun runs
Discuss a variety of promotional strategies that could boost PA in a school, workplace and community setting.
After school activities like sport training, for workplace there can be a system that rewards people who walk or ride to school, and sporting clubs that play on weekends and train during the week.
List a variety of sedentary behaviours other than screen time.
- laying down, eating dinner, talking, reading
Describe various aspects of respiration including minute ventilation, Tidal volume and breathing rate.
Minute ventilation is= Tidal volume times breathing rate.
Tidal volume is the mount of air in each breath, breathing rate is how many breaths someone takes.
Describe the relationship between Oxygen consumption and exercise intensity
As exercising occurs the demand for oxygen increases, the higher the intensity the more the oxygen demand until we reach our VO2 max which is when the body can no longer provide O2, when exercise is done recovery starts and EPOC which is excess post-exercise oxygen consumption to get our energy back.
What do arteries do?
Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues and organs.
What do arterioles do?
They connect Arteries to capillaries and regulate blood flow.
What do capillaries do?
They are thin walls that connect arterioles to venules to help in gas exchange.
What do venules do?
Venules collect blood from capillaries and transport them to veins.
What do veins do?
Veins return deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
What is cardiac output?
Is the Heart rate times stroke volume
Heart Rate (HR): The number of heartbeats per minute.
Stroke Volume (SV): The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle of the heart per beat.
What is vasoconstriction?
Is where blood vessels contract and blood is directed to other areas that still need support.
What is vasodilation?
Is when there is increased blood flow to working muscles by widening so that muscles can get more oxygen and nutrients for energy.
What is stroke volume?
The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle of the heart per beat.
What is the arterio-venous oxygen difference?
The arterio-venous oxygen difference is the difference in the amount of oxygen in the arterial blood compared to the venous blood.
