PE Flashcards
What are the functions of the skeleton
Structure
Support
Shape
Protection
Movement
What are the 3 different types of bones
Long
Short
Flat
What is cartilage
Acts as a cushion in between bones
Tendons
Muscle to bone
Ligaments
Holds bones together
What is extension
Opening a joint
What is flexion
Closing a joint
Adduction
Moving towards centre line
Abduction
Moving away from centre line
What are the three types of joints
Hinge
Ball and socket
Pivot
What is an isometric muscle contraction
The muscles stays the same length (plank)
What is an isotonic contraction
The muscle changes length (rowing)
What is the order air goes into the body to be diffused
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Wha happens to the intercostal muscles and diaphragm when you breathe out
Intercostals and diaphragm relax making the chest cavity smaller. The lungs are squeezed.
What is tidal volume
The amount you breathe in or out
Inspiritory capacity
The most you can breathe in
Expiratory volume
The most you can breathe out
Residual volume
Amount of air left in lungs after exhalation
What are the three functions of the circulatory system
Transport
Body temp control
Protection
What does SPORT stand for
Specificity
Progressive
Overload
Reversibility
Tedium
What does specificity mean
Every person needs a program tailored to them and there sport
What does progressive overload mean
To steadily increase the amount of training overtime to make the body continually work harder.
Reversibility
If you get an injury how can you make the training so you can go back to a certain point
Tedium
Make it so you don’t get bored of it
What does FITT stand for
Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type
What is the does frequency mean on FITT
How often you exercise
What does intensity mean in FITT
How hard you should exercise
What does time mean in FITT
How long you should exercise
What does type mean in FITT
What exercise you should do
What is fartlek training
Involves change in intensity and type of exercise without stopping
What are the advantages to a warm up
Allows a lot of injuries to be prevented
Increases temp + blood flow
What are the 5 illegal drugs
Stimulants
Narcotics
Anabolic steroids
Peptide hormones
diuretics
What is a stimulant
Speeds up reactions. Makes you feel less pain
What is a narcotic
Kills pain
What is a Anabolic steroids
Increases muscle size
What is a Peptide hormone
Similar effect to anabolic steroid however also has similar effects to blood doping
What is a diuretic
Makes a person urinate and lose weight
What is the percentage of proteins, carbohydrates and fats
15% Proteins
55% Carbohydrates
30% Fats
What does aerobic training improve
Circulation and breathing
What does strength training do
Increase size of muscles and makes tendons stronger
What are the benefits of exercise
Physically
Mentally
Socially
What is transported in blood
White blood cell
Red blood cell
Platelets
Plasma
What are the steps in the information processing model
Input
Decision making
Output
Feedback
What does SMART stand for?
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Timetable
What are the different skills
Open-closed
Basic-complex
Fine-gross
Self paced-externally paced
