PE

Question 1

Stroke volume

Answer 1

blood pumped out of the left ventricle every beat

Question 2

cardiac output

Answer 2

volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per minute

Question 3

factors that effect stroke volume

Answer 3

venous return
contractility of cardiac tissue
elasticity of cardiac fibres

Question 4

ejection fraction

Answer 4

actual amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction
at rest 60%
during exercise 85%

Question 5

frank starling mechanism

Answer 5

the more the heart ventricles stretch the more they can contract so the more blood they can pump to the body

Question 6

stages of cardiac cycle

Answer 6

atrial diastole
ventricular diastole
atrial systole
ventricular systole

Question 7

the cardiac cycle/ route of the blood

Answer 7

cardiac control centre 
autonomic nervous system 
sympathetic or parasympathetic
SA
AV
delay 
Bundle of HIS
perkunji fibres 
contract 
blood to body

Question 8

partial pressure

Answer 8

partial pressure of a gas is the pressure that is exerted by the individual gas when it exists within a mixture of gases

Question 9

factors effecting efficiency of the exchange process

Answer 9

short diffusion distance between alveoli and blood
alveoli create a large surface area
vast network of capillaries

Question 10

oxygen dissociation curve

Answer 10

expresses haemoglobin affinity for oxygen

Question 11

Bohr Effect

Answer 11

right shift 
increase co2 and lactic acid 
lowers pH
increasing blood and muscle temperature 
reducing o2 affinity