PDHPE option 3: sports med

Question 1

WAYS TO CLASSIFY SPORTS INJURIES:
Direct

Answer 1

sustained through external force

Question 2

WAYS TO CLASSIFY SPORTS INJURIES:
Indirect

Answer 2

sustained through internal force

Question 3

WAYS TO CLASSIFY SPORTS INJURIES:
soft tissues

Answer 3

sprains, stain, tears, contusions (cork), abrasion/graze, laceration, blister.

Question 4

WAYS TO CLASSIFY SPORTS INJURIES:
hard tissues.

Answer 4

fracture, dislocation and teeth injury.

Question 5

WAYS TO CLASSIFY SPORTS INJURIES:
overuse.

Answer 5

sustained due to repetitive tasks.

Question 6

WAYS TO CLASSIFY SPORTS INJURIES:
hard tissues - primary classifications.

Answer 6

simple (closed), compound (open), complicated.

Question 7

WAYS TO CLASSIFY SPORTS INJURIES:
hard tissues - manage

Answer 7

immobilisation, using a split, stick, super (anything straight) to stop another body part moving that could be broken, fractured or dislocated.

Question 8

MANAGEMENT OF SOFT TISSUE:

Answer 8

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevate, Referral.

Question 9

TYPES OF SOFT TISSUE:
tears

Answer 9

damage to the muscle resulting in internal bleed/bruising. the healing process involves the inflammatory response.

Question 10

TYPES OF SOFT TISSUE:
sprain

Answer 10

stretch or tear in ligament. signs and symptoms: swelling, loss of power, bruising and pain.

Question 11

TYPES OF SOFT TISSUE:
contusion

Answer 11

damage to the muscle, resulting in internal bleeding/bruising

Question 12

TYPES OF SOFT TISSUE:
skin abrasion

Answer 12

superficial skin damage

Question 13

TYPES OF SOFT TISSUE:
laceration

Answer 13

irregular cut into tissue

Question 14

TYPES OF SOFT TISSUE:
blister

Answer 14

natural response immediately following tissue damage

Question 15

INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE:
acute

Answer 15

usually lasts 48–72 hours, pain, swelling (causes stabilisation of the joint), redness, heat (due to blood pooling), loss of function.

Question 16

INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE:
repair

Answer 16

72 hours to six weeks, inflammation decreases, collagen replaces the damaged tissue, the structure is unorganised, production of scar tissue.

Question 17

INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE:
remodelling

Answer 17

Three weeks to 12 months (even two years), organising and uniformity of collagen takes
place, increased production of scar tissue.

Question 18

HARD TISSUE INJURY:
fractures

Answer 18

disruption to the
continuity of the outer surface of a bon

Question 19

HARD TISSUE INJURY:
dislocation

Answer 19

disruption of the alignment of bones within a joint

Question 20

MANAGING HARD TISSUE INJURIES:
immobilisation

Answer 20

not moving injury, putting in a split or sling to prevent any further damage.

Question 21

ASSESSMENT OF INJURIES:

Answer 21

Talk,
Observe,
Touch,
Active movement,
Passive movement,
Skills test.

Question 22

CHILDREN AND YOUNG ATHLETES:
medical conditions-

Answer 22

Asthma,
Diabetes,
Epilepsy.
Overuse injuries (stress),
Thermoregulation,
Appropriateness of resistance training.

Question 23

ADULT AND AGED ATHLETES:

Answer 23

Heart conditions,
Fracture/bone density,
Flexibility/joint mobility.

Question 24

FEAMLE ATHLETES:

Answer 24

Eating disorders,
Iron deficiency,
Bone density,
Pregnancy.

Question 25

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS:
pre-screening

Answer 25

Pre-screening is an important preventative measure that should be performed prior to the commencement of the training program/season.

Question 26

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS:
skill & technique

Answer 26

Athletes with a superior technique and level of skill in their given sport are better able to participate in sport without adverse incidents.

Question 27

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS:
physical fitness

Answer 27

In order to be physically prepared for competition an athlete’s physical fitness needs to be at a level that can manage the demands of the competition. Physical fitness helps reduce injuries in sport and is specific to the sport.

Question 28

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS:
warm up

Answer 28

A warm up should prepare the body for the physical activity ahead. Whether it is a sport, general exercise or training, a warm up is important for safe participation.

Question 29

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS:
stretching

Answer 29

Stretching as part of a training program increases the athletes flexibility, which helps to prevent injury and promote wellbeing.

Question 30

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS:
warm up

Answer 30

An appropriate warm-up is designed to prepare the body for the high physical demands of participation in sport.

Question 31

ENVIRONMENAL CONSIDERATONS:
temperature regulation-

Answer 31

Convention,
Radiation,
Conduction,
Evaporation.

Question 32

ENVIRONMENAL CONSIDERATONS:
climatic conditions-

Answer 32

Temperature,
Humidity,
Wind,
Rain,
Altitude,
Pollution,
Guidelines for fund intake,
Acclimatisation.

Question 33

TAPING AND BANDAGIING:
PREVENTATIVE TAPING-

Answer 33

reduce the incidence and recurrence of joint injuries.

Question 34

TAPING AND BANDAGIING:
Taping for isolation of injury-

Answer 34

taping techniques for isolated injuries to certain joints. Taping of these injuries is designed to restrict movement into the extremes of range, thereby preventing exacerbation or re-injury with continued sporting involvement.

Question 35

TAPING AND BANDAGIING:
bandaging for immediate treatment of injury-

Answer 35

Bandaging is more commonly utilised for the initial treatment of soft-tissue injuries for the purpose
of compression. Bandaging can support the area, reduce the amount of swelling and restrict the movement of the joint.

Question 36

REHABILITATION PROCEDURES:
Progressive mobilisation

Answer 36

Progressive mobilisation involves the slowly graduated movement of the injured area into an increased range of movement until the full range of the joint movement is regained

Question 37

REHABILITATION PROCEDURES:
Graduated exercise

Answer 37

Graduated exercise is used in rehabilitation to ensure exercise intensity and activities progress with healing and do not cause further injury. Graduated exercise refers to the gradual increase in range of motion, intensity, and activities to help ensure the athlete’s recovery is as pain free as possible.

Question 38

REHABILITATION PROCEDURES:
Training

Answer 38

Training should be modified throughout the rehabilitation process to match the athlete’s current level of function.

Question 39

REHABILITATION PROCEDURES:
Use of heat and cold

Answer 39

The use of heat increased blood flow, decreased pain, increased flexibility, decreased joint stiffness, increased tissue repair.
The use of cold is extensively promoted during the immediate “first aid” treatment of soft tissue injuries composing the ice section of RICER.

Question 40

RETURN TO PLAY:
indicators of readiness to return to play-

Answer 40

Pain free,
Degree of mobility.

Question 41

RETURN TO PLAY:
monitoring progress

Answer 41

This is usually done by comparing test results

Question 42

RETURN TO PLAY:
psychological redness

Answer 42

Physical recovery is vital and must occur before an athlete returns to play, but if they are not psychologically ready then they should not return as this can lead to re-injury or further injury.

Question 43

RETURN TO PLAY:
specific warm-up procedures

Answer 43

These warm up procedures are given in addition to the normal warm up, and can be done before or after the normal warm up. help to protect the athlete against re-injury by ensuring the area has an adequate blood supply and is ready for all that will come during competition.

Question 44

RETURN TO PLAY:
return to play policy and procedure

Answer 44

These return to play policies and procedures need to be followed by coaches and athletes in order to promote player safety and wellbeing.

Question 45

RETURN TO PLAY:
ethical considerations

Answer 45

Pressure to participate,
Use of painkillers allow an athlete to return to play is also associated with a greatly increased risk of recurrence or significant injury, as it inhibits the body’s natural protective pain mechanisms.