PCR

Question 1

What is PCR?

Answer 1

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 2

What does polymerase refer to?

Answer 2

It refers to a special type of DNA pol that works at high temperatures

Question 3

At what temperature does your DNA pol function?

Answer 3

72ºC

Question 4

What is a chain reaction?

Answer 4

A self=sustaining chemical reaction yielding products that cause further reactions of the same kind

Question 5

What are the products in PCR?

Answer 5

The amplified target DNA referred to as copies.
So amplifying would be… doing that to the DNA

Question 6

If you start with three copies in a PCR reaction, how many copies will there be in cycle 4?

Answer 6

Start: 3
Cycle 1: 6
Cycle 2: 12
Cycle 3: 24
Cycle 4: 48

Question 7

What is the purpose of PCR?

Answer 7

To allow you to obtain a lot of copies of DNA sequences by amplifying the target DNA so that it can be further studied

Question 8

What is a diagnostic laboratory?

Answer 8

A lab that screens blood for the presence of HIV.
Med techs are trying to amplify viral chromosomes that may be present in the blood

Question 9

What do test results represent in diagnostic labs?

Answer 9

If there is PCR product, the test is positive
If there is no PCR product, the test is negative

Question 10

How is DNA fingerprinting used in crime solving?

Answer 10

DNA in a blood, saliva, hair, or semen sample can be amplified so that it can be analyzed to determine if the suspect’s PCR profile matches what was found at the crime scene

Question 11

What are polymorphisms?

Answer 11

Differences in DNA between individuals
Many of those involve tandom repeats

Question 12

What are variable number tandom repeats (VNTR) loci?

Answer 12

Regions that show variation in the number of tandom repeats

Question 13

Should all the VNTR’s match up between the PCR profile at the crime scene and the PCR profile of the suspect if the suspect did it?

Answer 13

Yes, they should all match

Question 14

What can students inherit from their parents?

Answer 14

Two different alleles

Question 15

Uhhhhhhh

Question 16

What are the similarities between DNA replication and PCR?

Answer 16

In both processes, a primer is needed and the DNA strands need to be separated

Question 17

What are the differences between DNA replication and PCR?

Answer 17

The entire chromosome is copied in DNA replication
Only a short segment is amplified in PCR

Question 18

What kind of primers are used in DNA replication? How many?

Answer 18

Two or more RNA primers are used to copy DNA

Question 19

What kind of primers are used in PCR? how many?

Answer 19

There are two DNA primers because both strands of the target DNA are copied and DNA pols need an existing strand of DNA to which nucleotides are added

Question 20

Where do primers come from for PCR?

Answer 20

… ordered from a company
The primer remains as part of the product

Question 21

Where do primers come form in DNA replication?

Answer 21

Primers are made in the cell
Removed during the process

Question 22

Is helicase needed for PCR?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

What is used to break H bonds in PCR?

Answer 23

Heat