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Pharm > PCP Pharm Drugs > Flashcards

PCP Pharm Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Classifications of acetylsalicylic acid

A

Antiplatelet, analgesic, anti inflammatory, antipyretic

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2
Q

Actions of ASA

A

Blocks formation of thromboxane A2, which aggregates platelets and restricts arteries
Produces analgesia, anti inflammatory, antipyretic, by inhibiting production of prostaglandins

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3
Q

Indications of ASA

A

Acute coronary syndrome

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4
Q

Contraindications of ASA (7)

A 
Hypersensitivity 
Asthma 
Ulcers 
Bleeding disorders 
Pregnancy 
Children under 15
Unconscious
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5
Q

ASA dosage

A

160 mg PO chewed

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6
Q

What may potentiate ASA?

A

Anticoagulant therapy

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7
Q

Patients with What condition should be closely monitored when taking ASA

A

Diabetics

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8
Q

ASA isn’t recommended for kids and teens due to Reye’s syndrome. What is that?

A

Acute edema of brain, hypoglycemia, fatty infiltration, liver dysfunction.

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9
Q

If a patient has taken a daily dose or ASA or are on blood thinners, should ASA still be administered?

A

Yes, unless the patient has JUST taken it

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10
Q

What is dextrose classified as?

A

Caloric agent

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11
Q

Dextrose actions? (2)

A

Increases BGL to normal

Osmotic diuretic

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12
Q

Dextrose indications

A

Severe hypoglycemia
Head injury with symptomatic hypoglycemia
Stroke with hypoglycemia

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13
Q

Contraindications of dextrose

4

A

Allergy to corn
Hypersensitivity to dextrose
Intracranial hemorrhage
Hyperglycemia

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14
Q

Dose of dextrose for regular adults

A

25g D50W SIVP q 5 min prn, titrate to BGL > 4.0 mmol/L or patient improvement

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15
Q

Dose of dextrose in head injury

A

12.5g D50W SIVP repeat if BGL is <4mmol/L or improvement

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16
Q

Dose of dextrose in stroke

A

12.5g D50W SIVP repeat if BGL <3mmol/L

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17
Q

How do you avoid tissue necrosis when administering dextrose?

A

Give 1/2 total vol, check IV patentcy

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18
Q

Wernickes Encephalopathy

A

Reversible lack of vitamin B. Poor voluntary muscle coordination, eye muscle weakness and confusion

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19
Q

korsakoff’s syndrome

A

Irreversible version or wernickes

Severe memory loss

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20
Q

Increased intracellular glucose levels in cerebral ischemia and hypoxia result in

A

Intracellular acidosis due to anaerobic metabolism of glucose, neural death

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21
Q

When administering dextrose, closely monitor

A

BGL, LOC, vitals

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22
Q

Side effects or dextrose

A

Pulmonary edema, phlebitis, tissue nercrosis, rebound hyper glycemia

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23
Q

Classification of EPI

A

Sympathomimetic endogenous catecholamine

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24
Q

Actions of EPI (3)

A

Alpha 1 agonist -peripheral vasoconstriction,
Beta 1 agonist -positive chronotropic, inotropic and dromotropic, increases automaticity in heart
Beta 2 agonist- bronchodilation

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25
Q

Effect of epi on anaphylaxis

A

Inhibits histamine release

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26
Q

Contraindications of epi (4)

A

None in emergent situations
Hypersensitivity
Uncorrected tachdysrhythmias
Shock

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27
Q

Dosage of epi

A

0.3 mg 1:1000 IM q 5min prn max 0.9 mg

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28
Q

What should be closely monitored when giving epi?

A

HR, BP, ECH

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29
Q

Where should epi be administered?

A

Anterolateral aspect of the thigh

30
Q

What position should a patient be in before administering epi?

A

Recumbent

31
Q

Glucagon classification

A

Hormone

32
Q

Glucagon action

A

Breakdown glycogen in liver into glucose to increase BGL

33
Q

Indications of glucagon

A

Hypoglycemia, IV can’t be established

34
Q

Contraindications of glucagon

A

Hypersensitivity to beef/pork

Pheochromocytoma

35
Q

Dosage of glucagon

A

1mg IM q 15 min prn, max 2mg

36
Q

Use of glucagon on patients with pheochromocytoma can cause tumour to

A

Release catecholamines resulting in hypertension

37
Q

Glucagon Or D50W

A

D50W

38
Q

Glucagon is only effective if

A

There are sufficient stores of glycogen in liver

39
Q

Adverse effects or glucagon

A

Dizzy headache tachycardia hypertensive, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia

40
Q

Class of ipratropium bromide

A

Anticholinergic bronchodilator

41
Q

Actions of ipratropium bromide

3

A

Derivative of atropine
Exerts anticholinergic actions, inhibiting bronchoconstriction
Blocks mucus secretions

42
Q

Indications of Atrovent

A

Bronchospasm

Anaphylaxis

43
Q

Contraindications of atrovent

A

Hypersensitivity

44
Q

Atrovent (ipratropium bromide) dose

A

500mcg q5 min via neb max 1500

Or MDI 20mcg/puff, q30-60 sec prn max 15

45
Q

Combivent

A

Salbutamol and Atrovent - relax bronchospasm

46
Q

Isotonic solutions actions

A

Similar to plasma
Increase fluids without electrolytes
Less fluid shifting

47
Q

Indications of isotonic solutions

A

TKVO

Fluid replacement

48
Q

Naloxone classification

A

Narcotic antagonist

49
Q

Narcan indications

A

Resp and neuro depression

Naloxone is metabolized faster than most narcotics

50
Q

Naloxone contraindications

A

None significant, just be careful with patients taking stimulants

51
Q

Naloxone dose

A

IV 0.4mgIV q 2min max 1.6mg
IM 0.8 mg IM q 5 min prn, max 3.2mg
IN 2mg 1mg per nare, q 3-5 min prn, max 4mg

52
Q

Nitroglycerin classification

A

Antianginal, vasodilator

53
Q

Nitroglycerin actions

A

Relaxes vascular smooth muscle in all vessels

54
Q

Indication of nitroglycerin

A

Suspected acute coronary syndrome

55
Q

Contraindications of nitroglycerin

A

Systolic BP less than 100mmHg
Right ventricular infarction
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

56
Q

Dosage of nitroglycerin

A

0.4 mg SL spray q 5 min prn or until systolic BP is less than 100mmHg
Or 0.8 mg patch (upper left chest)

57
Q

Nitroglycerin should not be used if the ecg states

A

STEMI, ACUTE MI, ST ELEVATION CRITERIA MET

58
Q

Nitrous oxide classification

A

Gaseous analgesic

59
Q

Nitrous oxide actions

A

Reverse CNS depression and analgesia

Affects hating properties in cell membranes

60
Q

Nitrous oxide indications

A

Burns
Fractures/dislocation
Active pregnancy
Kidney stones

61
Q

Nitrous oxide contraindications

A 
Can’t follow commands
ALOC
head injury 
Needs oxygen 
Thoracic trauma 
Abdominal pain and distension 
Abdominal trauma 
Pregnancy
62
Q

Dosage for nitrous oxide

A

Demand valve mask

63
Q

Oral glucose classification

A

Caloric agent

64
Q

Oral glucose actions

A

Monosaccharide to increase BGL

65
Q

Oral glucose indication

A

Hypoglycemia

66
Q

Contraindications of oral glucose

A

Unconscious

Hyperglycaemic

67
Q

Dosage for oral glucose

A

25 g PO q 5min prn, max 50g

68
Q

Salbutamol class

A

Sympathomimetic bronchodilator

69
Q

Salbutamol actions

A

Selective beta 2 stimulation
Bronchodilation, some peripheral vasodilation
Beta 2 selectively lost with high doses

70
Q

Salbutamol indications

A

Asthma, COPD, anaphylaxis Or airway burn

71
Q

Salbutamol contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

Untreated tachydysrythmias

72
Q

Salbutamol dose

A

5mg nebulized or MDI 100mcg/puff q30-60 seconds prn max 30 puffs

Pharm (1 decks)

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