PcM 03 Flashcards
Using checklists would be an example of?
Quality Assurance / Quality Control (QA/QC)
What kind (4) of projects can benefit from a Constructability Review?
Complex or large projects with staging concerns
Projects with tight schedules
Projects using new construction methods
Innovative projects
Give 3 reasons to when an RFI can be written to the Architect from Contractor
- Unforeseen condition of circumstance
- An omission
- A conflict or discrepancy
Name the 4 project delivery methods
- Traditional Design- Bid- Build
- Construction Management at Risk (CM@R)
- Design Build
- Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)
How should conflicts between agencies be addressed (2 ways)?
- Schedule meeting with agencies that are responsible for enforcing the are of conflict and request they issue you written direction on which one to follow
- Bring Owner to meeting
Which compensation option is the most flexible and preferably used when no exact scope of services can be defined?
Hourly billing rates and Fee multipliers
What are 2 types of Fee Multipliers?
- Multiple of Direct Salary Expense (DSE)
2. Multiple of Direct Personnel Expense (DPE)
Name 2 disadvantages of using Percentage of Construction cost
- Client may think Architect will intentionally drive up construction costs to increase their fees
- Conflict in relationship between Owner and Architect
Which AIA series would you find a contract agreement between Architect and Owner?
B Series: Owner + Architect Agreements
What is included in the Architect’s and Consultant’s “Instruments of Service”?
- Drawings
- Specifications
- Construction Documents
Who (2 entities) retains copyrights of the “Instruments of Service”?
- Architect
2. Architect’s consultants
Which AIA series would you use if you wanted an agreement for a Joint Venture?
C- Series: Architect + Consultant Agreements (including joint ventures)
Should the Contractor fail to fulfill their contractual obligations to the owner, this amount is stipulated in the contract known as…..
Liquidated Damages
The responsibility of providing geotechnical engineering data and land surveying is by ….
Owner
Responsibilities of the Architect and their Basic Services is found in what AIA contract form?
B101: Standard form of agreement between
Owner and Architect
Responsibilities of the Architect and their Basic Services is found in what AIA contract form?
A101: Standard form of agreement between Owner and contractor
Liquidated Damages
An amount of money stipulated in the contract to be charged to the Contractor as a reimbursement for damages suffered by Owner because of the Contractor’s failure to fulfill contractual obligations
Why is it important to regularly send out invoices to clients?
To maintain the cash flow coming into the business and pay staff and bills on time
Retainage
The process by which the Owner withholds money from the Contractor as a protection in case the Contractor fails to complete the work according to the contract document
What is the Contract Sum?
Contract Sum is the total amount payable by the Owner to the Contractor for performance of the Work under the Contract Documents
What 3 contracts can be paired with the B102?
B201 Design and Construction Contract Administration
B202 Programming
B203 Site Evaluation and Planning
Each of these contracts are titled
Standard Form of Architect’s Services:
Programming (for example)
Boiler Plate
This refers to general paragraphs in a contract that would apply to anyone, and be reused over and over again without needing to be modified
For example, the clause, “perform the services with professional skill and care” would apply to almost any contract
Self Awareness for the Firm
Internal Analysis
Helps assess the firm’s capabilities when considering new work
What does RFI stand for?
Request For Information
An RFI is a document used by the General Contractor and the construction team when they discover any of the following:
• Unforeseen condition or circumstance
• An omission
• A conflict or discrepancy
When the Architect receives an RFI, the Architect shall review and respond in a timely manner
Architect can tie their compensation to revenue, cost, or profitability results achieved by this type of compensation option
Outcome-Based Value Pricing
What are 3 types of project types used in Outcome- Based Value Pricing?
- Sales in retail facilities
- Leasing success in housing
- Commercial office
development
This compensation method that ties the architect’s compensation to the budgeted or actual construction cost of a project which is rarely used is known as…
Percentage of Construction Cost
This is work that is done without an expectation of payment (no fees).
Pro-Bono Work
Why do the AIA contracts reflect the best contractual advice from practicing professionals, including contractors, consultants, and insurance companies?
The AIA documents balance the interests of all the parties involved, no one, including the Architect, is unfairly represented. They are timed tested and widely used throughout the industry
What is a fiduciary?
A person who holds a legal or ethical relationship of trust with one or more other parties
Financial Resources
Money to operate the business on a day to day basis, including payroll and paying bills
Intangible Resources
Reputation of the firm and talents of the staff
Which project delivery method is suitable for fast track?
Design-Bid-Build, Design/Build,
CM&R, and Integrated Project Delivery IPD, are all candidates for fast tracking a project.
Determination depends on the needs of the Owner and strength of project team
IPD
Integrated Project Delivery
IPD is a new approach to project delivery where the entire project team works together on the project to increase the coordination and collaboration.
The contractual relationships in an IPD method are shared among the Owner, Architect, Consultants, and Contractor who jointly share in the success or failure of the project.
What is the benefit of Integrated Project Delivery?
Allows for a higher level of communication and coordination, and it works well on complex projects or projects trying to achieve a high standard, such as deep sustainability or energy targets
What are the 5 Basic Scope of Services according to the B101?
Schematic Design Design Development Construction Documents Bidding or Negotiation Contract Administration
Is reviewing the Owner’s Program an additional service when utilizing the B101?
No
It’s part of Basic Scope of Services under Schematic Design of the B101
The Architect shall prepare a preliminary evaluation of the Owner’s program, schedule, budget
Is the Architect required to provide an Estimate of the Cost of the Work as part of B101?
Yes
The Architect must provide the Owner with an Estimate of the Cost of Work at the end of each of the design phases
What are the Owner benefits of Design-Bid-Build project delivery?
The benefits of the traditional design/ bid/build delivery process are that the Owner participates in the design of the project and construction costs are prepared from relatively complete documents.
In the Design-Build approach to project delivery, how many contracts are there for the owner?
Single Entity
The Owner contracts with a single entity – a designer-builder – for both design and construction
In which project delivery method, is the contractor selected at the start?
Design-Build
What are 5 ways to calculate invoices?
- Percent Complete
- Hourly
- Regular Fee Schedule
- Milestones
- Work when paid
In Construction Manager at Risk, the construction manager typically has substantial expertise in these 4 areas..
- Construction technology
- Constructability issues
- Construction scheduling
- Construction costs
In Design- Bid- Build project delivery, who are the 2 contracts between?
- Owner – Architect
2. Owner – Contractor
In Design- Bid - Build project delivery, contractor selection is based on what?
Final contractor selection based on lowest responsible bid or total contract price
What is the Construction Management at Risk (CM@R) approach?
Involves a construction manager who takes on the risk of building a project, guaranteeing the Owner it will be
completed on an agreed to schedule and set budget
Under Construction Management at Risk (CM@R), who hires the Architect?
The Architect is hired by the Owner under a separate contract
Under Construction Management at Risk (CM@R), the construction manager may offer these 5 services to reduce their risk
- Pre-Construction Services during the design phase
- Project Scheduling
- Value Engineering
- Timely purchasing of critical materials or materials with long lead times
- Coordination of subcontractors
What does GMP stand for?
Guaranteed maximum price
In Construction Management at Risk (CM@R) project delivery, who are the 2 contracts between?
- Owner – Architect
2. Owner – CM@R
What are some benefits for Construction Management at Risk (CM@R) approach?
- Overlapping phases: design and build occur at the same time (fast track)
- Construction manager hired early, during the design phase, to provide advice
- Pre-construction services offered by the constructor (such as constructability review and bid management)
- Specific contractual arrangement determines the roles of players
- Clear quality controls from the use of prescriptive specifications in the contract
What does an Internal Analysis include that will help grow your firm and expand your skills?
- Resources: tangible (product or service), intangible (reputation)
- Capabilities: qualifications of staff, ability to meet demands of a project
- Core Competencies: major valuecreating skills and capabilities of the firm
What are some resources that a firm may utilize in carrying out the delivery of a project?
- Human resources: staff, administrators, principals
- Financial resources: money to operate the business on a day to day basis, including payroll
- Intangible resources: reputation of the firm, talents of staff
- Organizational: the makeup of the firm and how it is organized and how the different divisions relate to each other
- Physical assets: office space, equipment, and property
What are some questions to be considered during an Internal Analysis ?
- What are the firm’s strengths?
- What are the firm’s weaknesses?
- How do these strengths and weaknesses compare to other similar firms?
What are some considerations when taking on new work?
- Does the firm have experience in project type?
- Does firm have the resources (people and financial) to complete the project?
- Does the firm have adequate staff available to work on project?
What does Project Delivery refer to?
The method for assigning responsibility to an organization or an individual for providing design and construction
services
What does Project Management refer to?
The means for coordinating the process of design and construction (including: planning, staffing, organizing, budgeting, scheduling, and monitoring)
What are the key factors affecting project delivery choice?
- Construction Cost
- Schedule
- Building Quality
- Project Scope
- Project Scope
- Client Capabilities
Who are the key players in project deliveries?
- Owner
- Architect
- Contractor
Which two AIA documents, when used together, essentially represent the B101?
B102 Owner and Architect Agreement without Predefined Scope of Architect’s Services
B201 Standard Form of Architect’s Services: Design and Construction Contract Administration
