PCAT BIOLOGY 2

Question 1

_________ are tiny particles made up only of protein.Some are associated with Mad Cow Disease.

Answer 1

Prions

Question 2

_____ fats have C-C double covalent bonds as well as less than the maximum amount of hydrogen bonds

Answer 2

Polyunsaturated

Question 3

Yellow fever and malaria are transmitted by________

Answer 3

mosquitoes

Question 4

Differentiation

Answer 4

When a cell goes from general to specialized

Question 5

The primary function of semicircular canals of the ear is ________

Answer 5

balance

Question 6

Stem cells are considered valuable because___________

Answer 6

they can develop into any tissue or cell type in the body

Question 7

Which of the following primary germ layers develops into muscle?

Answer 7

Mesoderms

Question 8

The major function of bacteria in an ecosystem is________

Answer 8

Decomposers

Question 9

____________ a bacterium associated with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Answer 9

Salmonella

Question 10

The system in the body that secretes a fluid that effects a target organ is_______

Answer 10

endocrine system

Question 11

What is the term for a mis-shaped cornea?

Answer 11

astigmatism

Question 12

In the dark reactions of photosynthesis, ________ is fixed

Answer 12

carbon dixoxide

Question 13

In which of these phases of the growth curve would you see the most growth by bacteria?

Answer 13

Log

Question 14

________ are formed by or during translation

Answer 14

Protein ( polypeptides)

Question 15

_________ maintains the shape of the cell and may be involved with locomotion

Answer 15

Cytoskeleton

Question 16

_______ has the same function as root hairs

Answer 16

mycorrhizae

Question 17

The sphincter between the duodenum and the stomachis_________

Answer 17

Pyloric

Question 18

A,B, and 0 are different ________

Answer 18

alleles on chromosome 9

Question 19

______ eat or digest food externally while they grow onit

Answer 19

fungi

Question 20

How can Tay-Sachs disease be treated?

Answer 20

Gene therapy, inserting a good copy of the gene

Question 21

White blood cells are produced by________

Answer 21

bone marrow

Question 22

__________ regulates blood pressure

Answer 22

aldosterone

Question 23

Striated muscle

Answer 23

skeletal and cardiac

Question 24

A_____- infection is most likely to lead to transformation( viral infection)

Answer 24

persistent

Question 25

During mitosis chromosomes are joined by ________

Answer 25

Centromere

Question 26

The effect of cocaine on nerve cells is to________

Answer 26

block reabsorption of norepinephrine and other neurotransmitters at the synapse`

Question 27

The reason that siblings share some traits but not others is _______-

Answer 27

independent assortment

Question 28

Starting in the early 1900s, cases of Salmonella typhi declined in the US after introduction of chlorination of public water supplies which ________

Answer 28

disinfects water , killing pathogens

Question 29

The highest oxygen levels would be found in ________

Answer 29

Pulmonary vein

Question 30

Menopause results in a decrease in _______ and _______

Answer 30

progesterone and estrogen

Question 31

Gene movement with a chromosome occurs as a result of

Answer 31

transposons

Question 32

_______ can not be digested by humans

Answer 32

Cellulose

Question 33

The bacteria Clostridium is _______

Answer 33

Anaerobic

Question 34

________ catalyzes ATP to Adp

Answer 34

Hexokinase

Question 35

Viruses use_________ to attach to host cells

Answer 35

proteins

Question 36

In embryology when a cell goes from general to specialized, it is called _________

Answer 36

differentation

Question 37

A virus with single-stranded DNA that is used to produce DNA would be a

Answer 37

Retrovirus

Question 38

A person missing their gut bacteria or microbiota would be deficient in which vitamins

Answer 38

B12, K, B1

Question 39

What hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 39

Oxytocin

Question 40

DNA replication takes places in this phase?

Answer 40

S phase

Question 41

Describe DNA from is loosest structure to its most tightly wound structure

Answer 41

DNA-NUCLEOSOME-30 NM FIBER- CHROMOSOME

Question 42

________ break bone down so minerals can be reabsorbed from the bloodstream

Answer 42

Osteoblasts

Question 43

The valve which regulates food flow from the ______ stomach to intestines is

Answer 43

Pyloric

Question 44

In SDS electrophoresis smaller molecules move towards the _______electrode faster than the larger

Answer 44

Positive

Question 45

Typically,certain plants that have bacteria living in their roots in a symbiotic relationship are found in _________

Answer 45

nutrient-poor soil

Question 46

The base 'U' is part of ______ structure

Answer 46

RNA

Question 47

DNA replication is semiconserative, meaning that_______

Answer 47

each strand is a template for new strand

Question 48

Respiratory rate is controlled by_______

Answer 48

Levels of CO2 in the bloodstream

Question 49

SSRI's treat _____, ______, and ______

Answer 49

Anxiety, depression,and personality disoders

Question 50

_______ is a skeletal muscle protein

Answer 50

actin

Question 51

______ is a disease caused by consuming uncooked pork

Answer 51

Trichnella

Question 52

A drug that blocks protein synthesis in the target organism. There it ________

Answer 52

blocks ribosome function