PCAT BIOLOGY 2 Flashcards
_________ are tiny particles made up only of protein.Some are associated with Mad Cow Disease.
Prions
_____ fats have C-C double covalent bonds as well as less than the maximum amount of hydrogen bonds
Polyunsaturated
Yellow fever and malaria are transmitted by________
mosquitoes
Differentiation
When a cell goes from general to specialized
The primary function of semicircular canals of the ear is ________
balance
Stem cells are considered valuable because___________
they can develop into any tissue or cell type in the body
Which of the following primary germ layers develops into muscle?
Mesoderms
The major function of bacteria in an ecosystem is________
Decomposers
____________ a bacterium associated with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
Salmonella
The system in the body that secretes a fluid that effects a target organ is_______
endocrine system
What is the term for a mis-shaped cornea?
astigmatism
In the dark reactions of photosynthesis, ________ is fixed
carbon dixoxide
In which of these phases of the growth curve would you see the most growth by bacteria?
Log
________ are formed by or during translation
Protein ( polypeptides)
_________ maintains the shape of the cell and may be involved with locomotion
Cytoskeleton
_______ has the same function as root hairs
mycorrhizae
The sphincter between the duodenum and the stomachis_________
Pyloric
A,B, and 0 are different ________
alleles on chromosome 9
______ eat or digest food externally while they grow onit
fungi
How can Tay-Sachs disease be treated?
Gene therapy, inserting a good copy of the gene
White blood cells are produced by________
bone marrow
__________ regulates blood pressure
aldosterone
Striated muscle
skeletal and cardiac
A_____- infection is most likely to lead to transformation( viral infection)
persistent
During mitosis chromosomes are joined by ________
Centromere
The effect of cocaine on nerve cells is to________
block reabsorption of norepinephrine and other neurotransmitters at the synapse`
The reason that siblings share some traits but not others is _______-
independent assortment
Starting in the early 1900s, cases of Salmonella typhi declined in the US after introduction of chlorination of public water supplies which ________
disinfects water , killing pathogens
The highest oxygen levels would be found in ________
Pulmonary vein
Menopause results in a decrease in _______ and _______
progesterone and estrogen
Gene movement with a chromosome occurs as a result of
transposons
_______ can not be digested by humans
Cellulose
The bacteria Clostridium is _______
Anaerobic
________ catalyzes ATP to Adp
Hexokinase
Viruses use_________ to attach to host cells
proteins
In embryology when a cell goes from general to specialized, it is called _________
differentation
A virus with single-stranded DNA that is used to produce DNA would be a
Retrovirus
A person missing their gut bacteria or microbiota would be deficient in which vitamins
B12, K, B1
What hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
Oxytocin
DNA replication takes places in this phase?
S phase
Describe DNA from is loosest structure to its most tightly wound structure
DNA-NUCLEOSOME-30 NM FIBER- CHROMOSOME
________ break bone down so minerals can be reabsorbed from the bloodstream
Osteoblasts
The valve which regulates food flow from the ______ stomach to intestines is
Pyloric
In SDS electrophoresis smaller molecules move towards the _______electrode faster than the larger
Positive
Typically,certain plants that have bacteria living in their roots in a symbiotic relationship are found in _________
nutrient-poor soil
The base ‘U’ is part of ______ structure
RNA
DNA replication is semiconserative, meaning that_______
each strand is a template for new strand
Respiratory rate is controlled by_______
Levels of CO2 in the bloodstream
SSRI’s treat _____, ______, and ______
Anxiety, depression,and personality disoders
_______ is a skeletal muscle protein
actin
______ is a disease caused by consuming uncooked pork
Trichnella
A drug that blocks protein synthesis in the target organism. There it ________
blocks ribosome function
