pcast

Question 1

ACE-V

Answer 1

*Analysis: determine the amount of quality and quantity a questioned impression possesses and then do
the same for the known impression
*Comparison: determine the amountof similarities and / or differences between two prints
*Evaluation: determine the conclusion of the comparison as identification, elimination, or inconclusive
*Verification: preform the above three steps by a second examiner with no assumption of outcome

Question 2

error rates

Answer 2

Optimally, we want as few false negatives as possible and no false positives

Question 3

pcast report

Answer 3

PCAST report “Forensic Science in Criminal Courts: Ensuring Scientific Validity of Feature-
Comparison Methods”, was released in 2016

validity and reliability

Question 4

the pcast report focuses on

Answer 4

DNA, Bitemarks, Latent fingerprints, Firearm marks, Footwear

Question 5

*PCAST determined that a method did not need to be perfect, but it should be:

Answer 5

reproducible and consistent, identifying, comparing, determining,

method’s false positive rate, method’s sensitivity

Question 6

single source and simple mixture

Answer 6

While DNA analysis of single-source samples and simple mixtures is a foundational valid and reliable method, it is not infallible in practice. Errors can and do occur in DNA testing.

Question 7

complex mixtures

Answer 7

not foundationally valid.”

Question 8

complex mixtures

Answer 8

not foundationally valid.”

Question 9

bite mark

Answer 9

PCAST finds that bitemark analysis does not meet the scientific standards for foundational validity, and is far from meeting such standards

Question 10

fingerprints (pcast)

Answer 10

CAST finds that latent fingerprint analysis is a foundationally valid subjective methodology”

Question 11

firearms

Answer 11

firearms analysis currently falls short of the criteria for foundational validity,