PBL

Question 1

TNF alpha recruits what type of cell mainly

Answer 1

macrophages

Question 2

how does HIV bind to CD4

Answer 2

GP120 on HIV binds CXCR4, CCR5, and CD4 on T cell

more likely to get infected from intercourse if you don’t have the mutant CCR5

if you have homozygous mutations for CCR5 then you are immune (or so they say)

Question 3

what are some proteins you look for when doing a western blot of HIV

Answer 3

P24, P31, GP41, GP120

Question 4

what kind of stain do you so to look for acid fast bacili

Answer 4

ziehl neelsen

Question 5

what increases the set point of you temperature

Answer 5

PGE2 goes to the hypothalmus to increase the set point

this is why you have night sweats and fever

Question 6

mech of isoniazid

one important side effect

Answer 6

inhibits formation of the cell wall in acid fast bacilli

can get B6 deficiency (sideroblastic anemia) which can lead to neuropathy, give B6 to help combat this.

INH means isoniazid

Injures Neurons and Hepatocytes

Question 7

mech of pyrazinamide

Answer 7

inhibits formation of the cell wall in acid fast bacilli

Question 8

mech of ethambutol

Answer 8

Blocks carbohydrate polymerization in acid fast bacilli

Question 9

how to calculate PAo2

Answer 9

PAo2 = PIo2 - (PAco2/R)

partial pressure of alveolar O2 = PAo2

partial pressure of inspired O2 = PIo2

partial pressure of alveolar CO2 = PAco2

(produced CO2/ consumed O2) = R

R is lower if you are breaking down fat because fat breakdown requires more oxygen