PBL 2

Question 1

outline the steps for diagnosing a seizure?

Answer 1

neurological exam
blood tests to loo for electrolyte imbalances, genetic conditions or infections
lumbar punctures if an infection is suspected
Electroencephalogram
imaging e.g. MRI to look for tumours, samage to the brain, scarring etc

Question 2

once referred to a specialist for seizures, how soon should you be able to see them?

Answer 2

within 2 weeks

Question 3

whats the purpose of an antiepileptic drug?

Answer 3

decreases the frequency and/or severity of seizures in people with epilepsy. They aim to treat the symptoms of seizures, not the underlying condition.

Question 4

what are the 3 targets for AED?

Answer 4

increasing GABA
decreasing glutamate
blocking voltage gated channels for Na+ and Ca2+ and K+

Question 5

what are examples of drugs that increase GABA?

Answer 5

benzodiazepines
barbiturates
valproate
gabapentin
tiagabine

Question 6

what are examples of drugs which decrease glutamate?

Answer 6

ketamine, phenycyclidine, dizocilipine

Question 7

what are examples of drugs that block Na+ channels?

Answer 7

carbamazepine and phenytoin and lamotrigine

Question 8

who cant take sodium valprate and why?

Answer 8

premenopausal and pregnant woman

as its teratogenic