pbio3

Question 1

Circadian rhythms

Answer 1

The regular repetition of growth or activity on approximately a 24‐hour cycle
Light
- phytochromes: red-light sensing
- cryptochromes: blue -light sensing

Question 2

Photoperiodism

Answer 2

the length of night or a dark period.

Question 3

genotype

Answer 3

homozygous

Question 4

phenotype

Answer 4

purple

Question 5

CPIO

Answer 5

community polupation individual organism

Question 6

key mechanism

Answer 6

allows plants to tolerate or escape limiting conditions such as
competition, shade, drought, low nutrients,

Question 7

plasticity

Answer 7

one genotype creates several phenotype

Question 8

phenotypic plasticity

Answer 8

An environmental change is required (internal or external).
* Changes may or may not be reversible.
* Changes may or may not be adaptive (increment of reproductive success).

Question 9

local adaptation

Answer 9

Genetic change in a population in
response to a geographically localized
selection pressure

Question 10

ecology

Answer 10

scientific study of interactions
between organisms and their environment.

Question 11

r

Answer 11

• r- reproduce annual plants rapidly

Question 12

r

Answer 12

reproductive

r - annual
plants

Maturity - short
Longevity - short
Mortality - high
events during life- one
Firstreproduction - Fast
Size of offspring - small
Fecundity - high

Question 13

abundance

Answer 13

Nfuture = NPresent + B +D + I +E
N= Number of a particular organism
B = births
D =death
I= immigrants
E = Emigrants

Question 14

Density

Answer 14

It is defined as the number of individuals of the same species in an area

Question 15

individual

Answer 15

one genome in one body.

Question 16

species

Answer 16

A group of organisms that can reproduce with one another inature and produce fertile offspring.

Question 17

population

Answer 17

A group of the same species that occupy an area.

Question 18

community

Answer 18

A group of different species that occupy an area

Question 19

perennial

Answer 19

can be either short-lived or
long-lived herbaceous or woody plants

Question 20

Biennials: Life cycle is completed over
two growing seasons

Answer 20

Annuals: life cycle is completed within a
single season of growth

Question 21

Environment independent : Circadian Rhythms & Photoperiodism

Answer 21

Environment dependent : Phenotypic plasticity & Local Adaptation

Question 22

BLUE TREE - ECUSF

Answer 22

Emergent
Canopy
Understory
Shrub
Floor

Question 23

different types of diversity

Answer 23

• Alpha: within a community
• Beta: between communities
• Gamma: among communities – ecosystem

Question 24

richness +eveness

Answer 24

Community 2 is dominated by species “A”,
therefore it has lower evenness and a lower
species diversity

Question 25

succession in time

Answer 25

Community patterns in time

Question 26

succession in time

Answer 26

Process of directional change in a community over time.
Succession start with a massive disturbance of the habitat

Question 27

succession in time

Answer 27

New land results from disturbance:
Volcanic lava
Glacial retreat

Question 28

pioneer>intermediate>climax

Answer 28

Primary succession

Question 29

FASTER secondary succession

Answer 29

Fire, floods, tree falls FASTER

Question 30

Predator and prey

Answer 30

EAT EACH OTHER

Question 31

A long-term association
between two or more
species

Answer 31

Symbiosis
A long-term association
between two or more
species

Question 32

COMPETITION

Answer 32

During competition, the birth and/or growth rates are depressed and/or the
death rate increased by the other organisms (or species).

Question 33

INTERspecific

Answer 33

different species