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microbiology 205 > Payengcha > Flashcards

Payengcha Flashcards

Bacterial Disease

1
Q

keratin

A

waterproof protein that is found in epitheal cells

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2
Q

Epidermis

A

outer layer of skin nourished by diffusion and renewed every 15-30 days

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3
Q

microflora

A

on skin surface that makes it hard for colonization of pathogens

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4
Q

acidic skin pH

A

normal skin is acidic and this helps discourage pathogenic growth of bacteria

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5
Q

sweat

A

from sudoriferous glands. Contributes to organic substances and salts that lowers the skins pH and increase salinity which inhibits the growth of some pathogens especially in armpit and groin

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6
Q

sebaceous gland

A

produce oil (sebum) made up of organic acids and lipids

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7
Q

staphylococcus aureus

A

causes pimples, sty, abscess, boils, carbuncle

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8
Q

scalded skin syndrome

A

caused by exfoliantins: exotoxins produced by S. aureus. Most common in infants and can produce high fever and bacterium even death.

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9
Q

scarlet fever

A

caused by S. pyogenes- a strain that has been infected by a temperate phage that allows them to produce erythrogenic toxin (scarlet rash)

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10
Q

pyoderma

A

pus producing infection caused by staph, strept or corynebacteria

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11
Q

Impetigo

A

a pyoderma extremely contagious common in infants

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12
Q

acne lesions

A

caused by S. aureus and Propionibacterium (the more serious acne causing bacteria)

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13
Q

Eschar

A

dead crusty scab that forms over burns and can seal in deadly infection caused by burns. DEBRIDEMENT is treatment

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14
Q

nosocomial infections

A

infections picked up from being in hospital

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15
Q

burn infection

A

caused by Pseudomonas aeurginosa, serriata marcescen and providentia species

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16
Q

UTI

A

most common of all infections and is seen mostly in females and older women due to incomplete emptying of bladder

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17
Q

E. coli

A

causative agent in 80% of cases of UTI due to wiping back to front

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18
Q

Prostatits

A

inflammation of the prostate also 80% caused by E.coli and can lead to sterility

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19
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

when UTI spreads to the nephron tubes of the kidney and causes a kidney infection. often requires antibiotics

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20
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

immune complex disease that sometimes follow streptococcal or viral infections. may result in permanent residual kidney damage.

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21
Q

leptosporosis

A

caused by spirochete Leptopspira interrogens. Contracted when humans come into contact with contaminated urine from rats, dogs, cats

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22
Q

toxic shock syndrome

A

caused by S. aureus occurs with abrasive tampons left in too long.

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23
Q

gonorrhea

A

caused by intracellular diplococci and usually remains asymptomatic

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24
Q

syphilis

A

caused by spirochete treponema pallidum transfered by sti but can be passed by saliva. develop lesions on hands and lips as well as genitals.

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25
congenital syphilis
occurs when spirochete crosses from mom to baby
26
chlamydia trachomatis
most common STI in the US. can be asymptomatic, cause sterility and blindness in newborns
27
Healthy lower respiratory tract
sterile
28
mucocilary escalator
cilia that help move microbes up and out of your lungs
29
upper respiratory tract
contains 400 species of normal micro flora which include staph epidermis, corynebacteria and staph. aureus
30
pharyngitis
streptococcus sore throat
31
laryngitis
haemophilus influenzae caused by strept pneumoniae
32
epiglottitis
block airway and cause death
33
sinusitis
caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenze, S. aureus, S. pyogenes with 5-10% caused by dental orgins
34
bronchitis
caused by S. pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, haemophilus, strept and staph Inflammation of the bronchi but does not extend to the alveoli. about 15% have chronic
35
pneumonia
bronchitis spread to the lung
36
diptheria
caused by corynebacterium dipthereial that has an exotoxin gene. FORMS pseudomembranes that can block airway.
37
whooping cough (pertussis)
caused by bordetella pertussis and is called Kennel cough in dogs. Preventable by vaccination. Has 4 stages.
38
Catarrhal Stage (Stage 1 of pertussis)
fever, sneezing, vomiting, cough
39
Paroxysmal Stage ( Stage 2 of pertussis)
mucus and bacteria build up, violent bacteria
40
Cyanosis Stage (Stage 3 of pertussis)
bluing of skin due to lack of oxygen
41
Convalescent Stage ( Stage 4 of pertussis)
happens in 1-6 wks
42
Pneumonia
#1 leading cause of death due to infectious disease in the US.
43
Lobar
affects lobe of lungs (S. pneumoniae causes about 95% of cases)
44
Bronchial
begins in bronchi and spreads towards alveoli often a secondary infection that affect newborns and elderly
45
walking pneumonia (mycoplasma pneumoniae)
no cell wall, unique shape, slow growing
46
Legionnaries Disease
caused by Legionella pneumohia. can spread through air condition vents, water supply if bacteria infect amoeba in present water. Named due to outbreak in 1976 at a convention of war veterans in PA that led to 29 deaths.
47
Tuberculosis
caused by a variety of mycobacterium species
48
M. avium intracellulare complex
most prevalent TB causative bacteria in HIV patients
49
Caseous necrosis
cream cheese center of granulomas
50
miliary tuberculosis
when TB spreads to other organs
51
Peyer patch
protects small intestines from infection
52
large intestines
main job is to reabsorb water and vitamin K is an important byproduct
53
last 1/3 of small intestines
facultative and obligate anaerobes
54
caries
tooth decay due to acidic waste from bacteria of plauge
55
asiatic cholera
caused by vibrio cholerae spread by fecal contamination in water supply
56
traveler's diarrhea (Dheli Belly, Montezuma's revenge)
caused by pathogenic strains of E. coli and effects travelers exposed to new strain with geographical regions
57
enterohemorrhagic strain of E. coli
0157:H7 food posioning
58
Helicobacter pylori
peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis treated with antibiotics
59
C. Diff
clostridium difficle (bad diarreha) very common often due to long term high does of antibiotics that destroy normal flora
60
Bacterial Meningitdis
inflammation of the meninges caused by several bacteria
61
Neisseria meningitidis
causes 2-3k deaths a year occurs within 12-48 hrs
62
Haemophilus Meningitis
caused by haemophilus influenza type B (hib) most common among children there is a vaccine
63
Listeriosis
meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes, gram + bacillus. transmitted by improperly processed milk, cheese, meat and can pass from mom to baby through placenta
64
Hansen's Disease (Leprosy)
caused by Mycobacterium leprae
65
tuberculoid
loss of skin pigment and sensation in leprosy
66
lepromatos
causes large disfiguring skin lesions called lepromas in Leprosy
67
Tetanus
caused by clostridium tetani it is obligate anaerobe, gram+, spore forming (deep cut like stepping on a nail)
68
Tetanus neonatorum
tetanus spread through raw stump of an umbilical cord by contaminated knife after baby is born
69
Botulism
most potent toxin known 1oz. can kill the whole US. Obligate anaerobe. Caused by clostridium botuilnium occurs in 3 forms: food borne, infant and wound
70
Food Borne
90% of Botulism
71
infant boutulism
feed honey to infants through pacifier
72
wound
occurs in very deep wound where conditions are favorable

microbiology 205 (1 decks)

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