Paul Keating - Audience

Question 1

Ideas: why does he use plethora of rhetoric?

Answer 1

to engage audience and unite them on common front, much like Anwar Sadat does in his speech.

Question 2

Ideas: what is audience exposed to once engaged with occasion?

Answer 2

exposed the the inhumanity and the terrible wrongdoings that were subsequently perpetrated, oppressing the indigenous population, most notably, the Stolen Generations.

Question 3

Techniques/Quotes: imperative metaphor?

Answer 3

“open our hearts a little”

Question 4

Techniques/Quotes: what does imperative metaphor, “open our hearts a little” encourage? Like who?

Answer 4

encourages compassion and empathy in light of our history of Indigenous dispossessing,

like Sadat did “I have chosen to come to you with an open heart and open mind” and Pearson “An opening of our hearts”

Question 5

Techniques/Quotes: anaphora and action verbs?

Answer 5

“we took…we brought…we committed”

Question 6

Techniques/Quotes: effect of “we took…we brought…we committed”
how is it further extended?

Answer 6

heightens the act of admission/confession.

further extended through the later use of anaphora, “we cannot imagine…” creating a strong message that it would be an act of cowardice if we did not take action to achieve equality and a sense of reconciliation

Question 7

Techniques/Quotes: what does he repetitively say?

Answer 7

“guilt”

“Guilt is not a very constructive emotion”

Question 8

Techniques/Quotes: rhetorical qs challenge?

Answer 8

audience’s imagination

Question 9

Techniques/Quotes: rhetorical q example

Answer 9

as “We failed to ask, ‘How would I feel is this was done to me?’”

Question 10

Techniques/Quotes: effect of rhetorical q, extended “test” metaphor and anaphora “imagine”?

Answer 10

all contribute to notions of justice and need for reconciliation given emotional immediacy by appealing to the audience’s pathos and subjective reflection

Question 11

Techniques/Quotes: what does inclusive language stress?

Answer 11

that a continued failure to reach out to Indigenous Australians demeans “our own deeply held values… our own identity – and our own humanity”,

Question 12

Techniques/Quotes: what does the inclusive language create?

Answer 12

ethos, pathos and logos to move the will of his primary audience

Question 13

Techniques/Quotes: how is speech layered?

Answer 13

chronologically layered speech

Question 14

Techniques/Quotes: how does he convince his primary and current audiences that inclusion of Aboriginal Australians has led to “remarkable contributions” ?

Answer 14

by listing things such as sports, arts and armed services (allusion of the ANZAC legend – pathos through patriotism)
“We should never forget – they have helped build this nation”

Question 15

significance: how does he end speech?

Answer 15

with confidence and a lasting message for a better future and more just society.

Question 16

significance: what did audience at redfern acknowledge?

Answer 16

audience in Redfern in 1992 acknowledged the credibility of Keating in raising awareness of the past injustices and the need for reconciliation

Question 17

significance: critical comment by tom clark?

Answer 17

“Managed to capture in explicit terms some harsh truths about Australian history”