Patterns, trends and global crime

Question 1

Give two examples of how age effects offending crime rates

Answer 1

1) Young people commit more crime

2) Many offenses have peak ages

Question 2

What does McVie say about measuring age in crime?

Answer 2

The way ages are grouped effects how easily patterns and trends are spotted.

Question 3

Give two examples of how gender effects offending crime rates

Answer 3

1) Males commit around 80% of all offences

2) Girls are more likely to stop offending after their teens

Question 4

What is the chivalry thesis?

Answer 4

Belief that females get treated more leniently when punished for offences

Question 5

Give two examples of how social class effects offending crime rates.

Answer 5

1) Crime rate is higher in lower class

2) Criminals are more likely to grow up in care or poverty

Question 6

Who investigated criminals in relation to violence and drugs?

Answer 6

Williams

Question 7

Who found that criminals are more likely to grow up in care or poverty?

Answer 7

Social Exclusion unit

Question 8

What organisation explored the rates of crime between genders and ethnicities?

Answer 8

Ministry of Justice

Question 9

Give two examples of how ethnicity effects offending crime rates

Answer 9

1) Black and Asian people are more likely to be stopped and searched
2) Eastern Europeans are more likely to be seen as criminals despite a very low crime rate

Question 10

Who found that black people are more likely to be convicted despite lack of evidence?

Answer 10

Bowlings and Phillips

Question 11

Give two examples of how age effects victim crime rates.

Answer 11

1) Older people are more likely to fear crime whilst young people are more likely to be victims of it
2) People over 40 more likely to suffer from serious injuries

Question 12

Give two examples of how gender effects victim crime rates

Answer 12

1) Women are 7x more likely to be victims of assault

2) Over 50% of female homicide was by husbands

Question 13

What did Stanko find about the 24 hour study on domestic abuse?

Answer 13

Only few led to arrest

Question 14

Give two examples of how social class effects victim crime rates

Answer 14

1) Poorer suffer more via no insurance

2) Unemployed are 2x likely to be victims of violence

Question 15

What is ‘multiple victimisation’?

Answer 15

Multiple social problems increasing chances of experiencing crime

Question 16

Give two examples of how ethnicity effects victim crime rates

Answer 16

1) Mixed, black and Asian are more likely to be victims of crime
2) 5x more likely to be murdered if black than white

Question 17

What is globalisation?

Answer 17

Globalisation is the process of people, companies and governments becoming more interconnected due to new technology.

Question 18

What is global organised crime?

Answer 18

Crime that goes beyond national borders and police forces in a specific country, making it hard to define, find and punish

Question 19

What are examples of global organised crime?

Answer 19

Drug trafficking, sex trafficking, wildlife crime, money laundering

Question 20

What does Gastro say about global organised crime?

Answer 20

The stereotypical figure of the Italian mafia boss is outdated and inaccurate.

Question 21

What does Castells say about global organised crime?

Answer 21

Crime groups are like business organisations

Question 22

What does Robertson say about global organised crime?

Answer 22

Both local and global crime intertwining is called ‘glocalisation’.

Question 23

What is green crime?

Answer 23

Crime that damages or endangers the environment

Question 24

Why may small states not deal with major green crime?

Answer 24

Planet is an ecosystem so some crimes are too big to try and tackle

Question 25

What do green criminologists say about green crime?

Answer 25

There are legal activities that are just as damaging than the illegal activities e.g. deforestation, CO2 emissions

Question 26

How does Carrabine define primary green crime?

Answer 26

The environment itself is damaged

Question 27

How does Carrabine define secondary green crime?

Answer 27

Crime in response to primary crime e.g. imprisoning activists and hiding dumped waste

Question 28

What did former hitman Bobby Cummines say about crime?

Answer 28

‘I’m a businessman and my business is crime’