Patterns Of Reactivity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the word equation for metals reacting with water?

A

Metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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2
Q

What is the word equation for metals when they react with acid?

A

Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen

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3
Q

Which metal resists corrosion because it forms a protective oxide layer?

A

Aluminium

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4
Q

What is the word equation between magnesium and sulphuric acid?

A

Magnesium + sulphuric acid = magnesium sulphate + hydrogen

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5
Q

What is the chemical name for rust?

A

Hydrated iron oxide

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6
Q

What are the 2 conditions needed for rusting

A

Water and oxygen

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7
Q

What are ships built from?

A

Steel

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8
Q

What is steel made from?

A

Iron

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9
Q

Why would a car not rust in the desert?

A

There isn’t enough water to start the rusting process

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10
Q

What is the word equation for rusting?

A

Iron + water + oxygen = hydrated iron oxide

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11
Q

Why is gold not a good alternative to steel?

A

Because it is very expensive

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12
Q

What is stainless steel made of?

A

Small amounts of chromium

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13
Q

Name 3 metals which react when put in the sea

A

Steel, copper, aluminium

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14
Q

What four methods are used to prevent iron from rusting?

A

Painting or oiling
Plastic coating
Galvanising
Sacrificial protection

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15
Q

How does plastic coating work?

A

It prevents air and moisture reaching the iron

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16
Q

What is galvanising?

A

When objects are coated with a more reactive metal such as zinc

17
Q

What is the cheapest method of preventing rust?

A

Painting or oiling

18
Q

What is the best way to prevent rust in a gate?

A

Painting

19
Q

What is the best way to prevent rust in the hull of a ship?

A

Sacrificial protection

20
Q

What is the best way to prevent machinery from rusting?

A

Galvanising

21
Q

What is the best way to prevent an iron nail from rusting?

A

Galvanising or oil

22
Q

What is the word equation for reacting metals with oxygen?

A

Metal + oxygen = metal oxide

23
Q

Why do metals tarnish?

A

When metals are cut, a shiny surface is exposed. After a few minutes the metal tarnishes because it has reacted with oxygen in the air

24
Q

What were the observations for when calcium reacted with water?

A

Sinks and rises, bubbles of gas, vigorous reaction

25
Q

What were the observations of when magnesium reacted with water?

A

Bubbles of gas, reacts slowly

26
Q

What were the observations of when copper reacted with water?

A

No reaction

27
Q

What were the observations when magnesium, iron and copper reacted with air?

A

Magnesium - burned with a bright white light

Iron - orange sparks

Copper - turns black

28
Q

Put all the metals in order of reactivity:

A
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium 
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Copper
Silver
Gold
29
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal

30
Q

What is painting or oiling?

A

Regular painting or oiling provides a protective coating. This is a very cheap and easy way prevent rusting