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😎 Year 9 Chemistry 😎 🩵 > Patterns Of Reactivity > Flashcards

Patterns Of Reactivity Flashcards

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1
Q

Do all metals react with acid

A

No, some don’t like silver and copper

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2
Q

What are the metals in order from most to least reactive

A

Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, iron, tin, lead, copper, silver, gold

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3
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember the order of reactivity

A

Please send little Charlie’s monkeys and zebras in tall lead cages securely guarded.

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4
Q

What is metal+ oxygen

A

Metal oxide

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5
Q

What happens when copper is heated with oxygen

A

The reddish brown copper turns black

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6
Q

What happens when iron is heated with oxygen

A

Orange sparks

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7
Q

What happens when magnesium is heated with oxygen

A

Bright white light formed a white powder

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8
Q

Put these in order of most to least reactive
Iron magnesium and copper

A

Magnesium then iron then copper

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9
Q

Magnesium + oxygen=

A

Magnesium oxide

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10
Q

Iron+ oxygen =

A

Iron oxide

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11
Q

Copper+ oxygen =

A

Copper oxide

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12
Q

What safety precautions should you use when alkali metals react with water

A

Safety screen
Safety glasses
Metals stored under oil

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13
Q

Why are lithium, sodium and potassium under oil in their jars in the experiment

A

They could react with the water/moisture up in the air

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14
Q

List these from most to least reactive
Sodium, lithium, potassium

A

Potassium then sodium then lithium

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15
Q

Finish this equation
Metal+ water

A

Metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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16
Q

How does copper react with water

A

Doesn’t react

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17
Q

How does magnesium react with water

A

A few bubbles of gas, reacts slowly

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18
Q

How does calcium react with water

A

Sinks and rises, bubbles of gas, vigorous reaction, calcium disappears

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19
Q

What 2 things are produced when metals react with water

A

Metal hydroxide and hydrogen

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20
Q

What’s M.A.S.H?

A

Metal + acid —> salt + hydrogen

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21
Q

Shat is usually produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

A

Salt and hydrogen gas ( you hear a squeaky pop)

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22
Q

Which metals should you not put in acid and why

A

Potassium , sodium and lithium.
They are explosive

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23
Q

What was surprising about aluminium and water

A

Aluminium is high on the reactive series but it took 10 minutes before it started bubbling lots and turning grey.

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24
Q

Why is aluminium good for greenhouses

A

It resists corrosion as it forms a protective oxide layer on its surface and this protects the aluminium. Costed in aluminium oxide

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25
Q

What happens with potassium and water

A

Moves across the surface and catches fire. Reacts violently. Burns with lilac flame.

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26
Q

What happens with magnesium and water

A

A few bubbles form in the surface. Reacts slowly

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27
Q

What happens with lead and water

A

No change. No reaction

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28
Q

What can be used to speed up a reaction

A

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without itself being consumed during the reaction

29
Q

What do bubbles in test tubes tell us about the reactivity of the metal in it

A

That it reacts with acid to produce a hydrogen gas

30
Q

What’s the word equation for the reaction of metal with dilute acid

A

Metal + acid —> salt + hydrogen

31
Q

What’s the word equation for the reaction between magnesium and sulphuric acid

A

Magnesium + sulfuric acid —> magnesium sulfate + hydrogen

32
Q

What happens when you put a copper strip into silver nitrate solution and why

A

Silver crystals form on the piece of copper and the colourless solution turned slightly blue/green

The copper is displacing silver from its compound as it’s more reactive than silver.

33
Q

What’s a word equation for copper and silver nitrate

A

Silver nitrate+ copper —> copper nitrate + silver

34
Q

Word equation for magnesium and iron sulfate and what happens

A

Magnesium + iron sulfate —> magnesium sulfate + iron

Black solid forms

35
Q

What is displacement

A

When a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal from its compound

36
Q

How can we tell when displacement has happened

A

Colour changes , fizzing , heat

37
Q

What are ships built from and why

A

Steel because it’s strong, cheap and readily available

38
Q

What’s steel made from

A

Iron ( extracted from iron oxide)

39
Q

Complete the word equation
Iron + water + oxygen

A

Iron + water + oxygen —> hydrated iron + oxide

40
Q

Why isn’t gold a good alternative to steel

A

It’s too soft and expensive

41
Q

What is stainless steel and does it rust

A

Made by adding chromium to steel
Doesn’t rust

42
Q

When do we use aluminium instead of steel

A

When it needs to be lightweight

43
Q

What’s copper used for

A

Water pipes and wires

44
Q

What would happen to an iron nail in water and oxygen

A

Lots of rust

45
Q

What would happen to an iron nail in oxygen and calcium chloride ( drying agent)

A

No rust

46
Q

What would happen to an iron nail in water and no oxygen

A

A little bit of rust as it’s hard to get all the oxygen out

47
Q

What would happen to an iron nail in water , oxygen and if it’s galvanised with zinc

A

No rust

48
Q

Chemical name for rust

A

Hydrated iron (iii) oxide

49
Q

What are the 2 conditions required for rusting

A

Oxygen and water

50
Q

What are some methods of preventing rust and when could you use them

A

Painting - gate.
Oiling- machinery.
Plastic coating .
Galvanising-iron nail .
Sacrificial protection - hull of a ship.

51
Q

How does a plastic coating help prevent rust

A

Presents air and moisture reaching the iron

52
Q

What’s galvanising

A

When iron objects are coated with a more reactive metal like zinc or chromium

53
Q

What’s the cheapest method of preventing rust

A

Painting or oiling

54
Q

Why was silver used to make coins

A

It’s not reactive and it’s cheap

55
Q

Why is copper used to make electrical wires and cables

A

Cheap, not reactive , ductile, good conductor of electricity

56
Q

Word equation for magnesium and copper sulfate

A

Magnesium + copper sulfate —> magnesium sulfate + copper

57
Q

Why wouldn’t a nail rust when it’s covered in zinc or magnesium

A

Because zinc and magnesium are more reactive than iron

58
Q

Put these in order from most to least reactive
Nickel , magnesium, copper, zinc

A

Magnesium, zinc, nickel, copper

59
Q

Finish the word equation

Calcium+ water—

A

Calcium+ water — calcium hydroxide + hydrogen

60
Q

Word equation for potassium and water

A

Potassium + water — potassium hydroxide + hydrogen

61
Q

Word equation for magnesium and water

A

Magnesium + water — magnesium hydroxide+ hydrogen

62
Q

An example of when you should use sacrificial protection?

A

When attaching zinc bars to ships. The water will react with the zinc before the iron because zinc is more reactive than iron.

63
Q

What metals won’t prevent a nail from rusting

A

Copper and silver

64
Q

What does rust do to steel

A

Flake, weak , dangerous

65
Q

Finish this reaction

Iron + copper sulfate

A

Iron + copper sulfate — iron sulfate + copper

66
Q

What does copper sulfate look like with
A. Zinc
B. Iron
C. Magnesium

A

In all of them copper forms and the blue solution fades

67
Q

What happens to magnesium sulfate with
Zinc
Iron
Copper

A

Nothing happens

68
Q

What happens to iron sulfate with…
Zinc
Magnesium
Copper

A

With zinc and magnesium, a black solid forms.
Nothing happens with copper

69
Q

What happens to zinc sulfate with…
Iron
Copper
Magnesium

A

Iron and copper- nothing happens.
With magnesium a dark grey solid forms

😎 Year 9 Chemistry 😎 🩵 (5 decks)

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