Patterns of Inheritance

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

The transmission of traits from one generation to the next

Question 2

Genetics

Answer 2

The scientific study of heredity. Modern genetics began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the 19th century

Question 3

Character

Answer 3

A heritable feature that varies among individuals within a population, such as flower color in pea plants or eye color in humans

Question 4

trait

Answer 4

A variant of a character found within a population, such as purple or white flowers in pea plants

Question 5

True-breeding

Answer 5

Referring to organisms for which sexual reproduction produces offspring with inherited traits identical to those of the parents.

Question 6

hybrids

Answer 6

offspring that results from the mating of two parents that differ in one or more inherited traits an individual who is heterozygous for one or more pairs of genes

Question 7

cross

Answer 7

a mating of two sexually reproducing individuals; often used to describe a genetics experiment involving a controlled mating

Question 8

P generation

Answer 8

The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; p stands for parental

Question 9

F1 Generation

Answer 9

The offspring of two parental individuals; f1 stands for first filial

Question 10

F2 Generation

Answer 10

The offspring of the F1 generation; F2 stands for second filial

Question 11

Alleles

Answer 11

An alternative version of a gene

Question 12

Homozygous

Answer 12

Having two identical alleles for a given gene

Question 13

Heterozygous

Answer 13

Having two different alleles for a given gene