Patients with Altered Mobility

Question 1

What does osteoporosis mean?

Answer 1

Porous bone

Question 2

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 2

It is chronic and progressive characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration. It affects 25% of women and 12% men greater then 50

Question 3

What is primary and secondary osteoporosis?

Answer 3

Primary: typical age related causes
Secondary: due to disease process

Question 4

What are common sites for osteoporosis?

Answer 4

Hand, wrist, spine hip, knees, and feet

Question 5

What are risk factors for osteoporosis?

Answer 5

Genetic links with bone mass
Age
Nutrition
Physical exercise
Lifestyle choices
Medications

Question 6

The manifestations might go undetected if?

Answer 6

sudden strain, fractures from a minor trauma, back pain, loss of height, spinal deformities

Question 7

What kind of exercise helps with osteoporosis?

Answer 7

Weight bearing ( helps produce calcium in bones)
sometimes use corticosteroids
Heparin( affects calcium absorption)

Question 8

What test is used for bone density measurement?

Answer 8

DEXA ( absorptiometry/ densitometry)

Question 9

How do we manage osteoporosis?

Answer 9

Prevent fractures, regular exercise, adequate calcium intake/ replacement, estrogen replacement
Fosomax and actonel increases bone density
Pain control
EDUCATE

Question 10

How much calcium can your body absorb?

Answer 10

500 mg

Question 11

What is osteomyelitis?

Answer 11

Infection fo the bone

Question 12

What part of the body does osteomyelitis normally effect?

Answer 12

Upper end humerus and tibia, and lower end of femur

Question 13

What is osteomyelitis normally caused by?

Answer 13

staph aureus

Question 14

The two categories of acute osteomyelitis are?

Answer 14

Hematogenous ( inside your own body) and direct contact

Question 15

Clinical manifestations of Osteomyelitis?

Answer 15

Fever, edema and tenderness, warmth or touch, movement or joint limitations, fatigue, subperiosteal abscess ( in between layers of the bone)

Question 16

What patient should we pay close attention to for osteomyelitis?

Answer 16

Diabetes with fractures

Question 17

Care for osteomyelitis?

Answer 17

• Immobolization
• Pain meds and antibiotics
• Surgery : to drain abscess
• PT
• Diet
• Rest/ immobilization
• Analgesics, antipyretics, antibiotics
• Preventative care
• Education of patient/ family

Question 18

What are three types of musculoskeletal trauma?

Answer 18

1. Contusion
2. Sprains
3. Strains

Question 19

What is a contusion?

Answer 19

Bruise - injury to soft tissue

Question 20

What is a sprain?

Answer 20

Injury to one or more ligaments

results from wrenching and twisting

Question 21

What is a strain?

Answer 21

Excess stretch of a muscle and tendon ( muscle to bone) pulling

Question 22

Always compare the three S’s

Answer 22

Size, shape, and symmetry

Question 23

What does PRICE stand for?

Answer 23

Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

Question 24

Nursing assessment of sprains and strains?

Answer 24

Pain, edema, decrease in function, bruising

Question 25

What are dislocations?

Answer 25

Displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint. May be considered ah orthopedic emergency.

Question 26

Nursing Assessment for dislocations

Answer 26

joint asymmetry, pain, tenderness, loss of function, edema

Question 27

Nursing management for dislocations

Answer 27

pain control, joint protection, gradual rom, and strengthening exercise ( affects blood flow and nerve function)

Question 28

What is fracture?

Answer 28

disruption or break in continuity

Question 29

Clinical manifestations of an acute fracture

Answer 29

immediate localized pain, decreased function, decreased ability to bear weight or use affected part, edema and swelling, deformity, ecchymosis, crepitation