Patient Education

Question 1

What are the six stages of the transtheoretical model?

Answer 1

pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and relapse

Question 2

Define pre-contemplation. Give an example.

Answer 2

no intention on changing behavior. example: a smoker has no intention of stopping smoking.

Question 3

Define contemplation. Give an example.

Answer 3

aware a problem exists, but with no commitment to action. example: smoker is aware that he/she should quit, but hasn’t made a commitment to do so.

Question 4

Define preparation. Give an example.

Answer 4

intent on taking action to address the problem. example: the smoker sets a date to quit smoking.

Question 5

Define action. Give an example

Answer 5

active modification of the behavior. example: smoker takes action and stops smoking

Question 6

Define maintenance. Give an example.

Answer 6

sustained change; new behavior replaces old. example: smoker no longer smokes. able to avoid addiction and see how much progress has been made.

Question 7

Define relapse. Give an example.

Answer 7

fall back into old patterns of behavior. example: regression to a previous step. doesn’t have to be all the way back to pre-contemplation.

Question 8

What is motivational interviewing?

Answer 8

patient-centered approach to promote healthy behavior change - help pt make decisions.

Question 9

What are the key techniques of motivational interviewing?

Answer 9

• avoid arguing (emphasize personal choice and control)
• express empathy (“I hear that. It is your choice” - use restatement/reflection)
• roll with resistance - “and it may be that it is too difficult for you to change right now”
• develop discrepancy - “on one hand.. on the other hand..”
• support self efficacy “I have seen ppl w/ this amount of tobacco use quit before”

Question 10

What are the three domains of learning?

Answer 10

cognitive, affective, and psychomotor

Question 11

What are some examples of cognitive learning/knowledge related to diabetes?

Answer 11

teaching s/sx of hypoglycemia and nutrition, using discussion, writing materials, and teach back

Question 12

what are some examples of affective learning/knowledge?

Answer 12

feeling receptive to going through a big change, using therapeutic communication, tell stories, call someone who has also been a young diabetic (success stories)

Question 13

what are some examples of psychomotor learning/knowledge?

Answer 13

learning hands on skills, like insulin administration, blood sugar testing, have them demonstrate for me

Question 14

what are principles for adult teaching-learning?

Answer 14

• must be independent & self-directed (not told what to do, want to be taught)
• must perceive the need to learn (to be willing to learn)
• use past experiences to enhance learning (understand what pt knows + build on this)
• more motivated if learning is used immediately
• want to be a partner in process + have control

Question 15

what are 5 things we should be considering during our assessment?

Answer 15

• age + development
• literacy “do you feel comfortable w/ reading health info?”
• current physical condition (pain, fatigues, fear, anxiety, sensory deficits, like hearing/visual loss)
• learning needs
• baseline knowledge
• learning priorities - need to know (build from simple to complex) vs want to know

• readiness to learn

• motivation
• past compliance (what happened?)

Question 16

What are some NANDAs associated with teaching?

Answer 16

• Deficient Knowledge
• Ineffective Health Maintenance r/t deficient knowledge about …
• Acute pain r/t deficient knowledge about….

Question 17

what are the 5 teaching barriers?

Answer 17

lack of time
lack of preparation (unsure how to reach, take book to bedside)
lack of space/privacy (go to empty pt room)
lack of coordination among staff (pull curtain, they will respect it)

Question 18

what are the 9 learning barriers?

Answer 18

stress, 
illness, 
anxiety, 
low literacy, 
negative environment (noisy roommate), 
lack of time to learn, 
behavioral change needed (change the way you eat, the way you cope), 
language barrier, 
complex health regime (involve home health, diabetes)

Question 19

what are the 8 typical teaching topics?

Answer 19

• hospital environment (pain scale, bed, tv, etc)
• basic anatomy and physiology
• s/so of concern (when to call MD, what they should know)
• illness manifestations
• prognosis/goals of treatment
• diagnostic test (why they’re having test)
• procedures
• medications (what it is, why for, side effects)

Question 20

what must be included in teaching care plans for teaching interventions?

Answer 20

specific info to be taught within the intervention or attach a copy of content that will be covered (texts, journals, hospital education pamphlets)

Question 21

what are the 5 different teaching strategies that we can use during implementation?

Answer 21

• demonstration/return demonstration
• discussion
• lecture
• role modeling/role play
• teaching supplements

Question 22

what are the four different types of teaching supplements?

Answer 22

• computerized instruction
• audiovisual
• models
• printed materials (should be 5th grade level)

Question 23

what are the 3 qualifications that make reading material 5th grade level?

Answer 23

• avoid words 3 or more syllables
• avoid medical terms/long terms
• short sentences 15 words at most

Question 24

what are the 9 things that should be involved during a teaching session?

Answer 24

• optimal timing (turn off tv)
• seated near patient
• assess knowledge before beginning
• appropriate teaching strategy
• accurate information
• command of content
• communicates caring and confidence
• involve patient/support person “would u be comfortable if you mom/dad/etc stayed?”
• actively assesses learning

Question 25

what are the 3 ways that learning can be evaluated?

Answer 25

• teach back
• return demonstration
• oral test “i’m going to give you a test after this”

Question 26

what are the 3 things that are to be documented when teaching?

Answer 26

• subject taught
• barriers to learning
• patient response