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Patient Assessment Signs > Patient Assessment Signs > Flashcards

Patient Assessment Signs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the names of the signs showed when there is fanning of the toes when the patient is stroked on the heel or when the exterior malleolar is touched? Indication of ALS, brain injury, stroke, MS, spinal cord injury, or meningitis.

A

Babinski’s or Chaddock’s sign

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2
Q

What is the name of the sign where passive flexion of the leg causes a similar movement in the other opposite leg or when passive flexion of the neck causes flexion of the legs? Indicates meningitis

A

Brudinski’s sign

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3
Q

What is the sign for when there is no coordination between the eyes and the head that indicates MS or head trauma?

A

Doll’s eye

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4
Q

What is the sign when there are no forehead wrinkles with the eyeballs rolled up? Indication of Graves’ disease

A

Joffroy’s sign

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5
Q

What is the name of the sign where there is bruising around the belly button indicating blood in the abdomen? Sign of ectopic pregnancy or abdominal trauma

A

Cullen’s sign

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6
Q

What is the name of the sign where there is bruising along the flanks due to blood in the soft tissue? Indicates trauma or kidney damage

A

Grey turners sign

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7
Q

What is the name of the sign where there is pain in the right abdomen at McBurney’s point when pressure is applied on the left? Sign of appendicitis

A

Rovsing’s sign

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8
Q

What is the name of the sign when there is bilateral or paradoxical increase in JVD with inspired breath?

A

Kussmauls sign

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9
Q

What is the name of the sign where there is placement of a fist or hand over the sternum to indicate pain. Usually caused by angina pectoris, chest wall pain, or esophageal pain

A

Levine’s sign

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10
Q

What is the name of the sign where there are carpal spasms caused by compression of the upper arm w/ a BP cuff or tourniquet. 94% accuracy for determination of hypocalcemia

A

Trousseau’s sign

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11
Q

What is the name of the sign where there is violent pain in the left shoulder or LUQ. Sign of a ruptured spleen

A

Kehr sign

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12
Q

What are uterine contractions that occur in the second to third trimester that are sporadic and painless. Easily mistaken for preterm labor

A

Braxton hicks contractions

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13
Q

What is the name of the sign where there is bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and vulva. Used as an early sign of pregnancy and is usually seen 6 to 8 weeks after conception

A

Chadwick’s sign

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14
Q

What is the name of the sign that has bruising behind the ear that indicates basilar skull fractures? Raccoon eyes is also considered this sign

A

Battle’s sign

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15
Q

What is the name of the sign where there is pain over the gallbladder (RUQ)?

A

Murphys sign

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16
Q

What is the name of the sign when there is pain in the kidney when palpated? Indication of a kidney infection or kidney stones

A

Lloyds sign

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17
Q

What is the name of the test where a patient is unable to keep balance with eyes shut and arms extended? 90% accuracy for determining lumbar spinal stenosis

A

Romberg test

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18
Q

What disease is characterized by moon face, thin legs, and buffalo soldier hump?

A

Cushings disease (hyperadrenalism)

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19
Q

What is the name of the sign characterized by the inability to wrinkle brow, drooping eyelid with the inability to close their eye, inability to puff cheeks, and drooping mouth all on one side?

A

Bell’s palsy (lesion on cranial nerve 7)

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20
Q

What do white nails signify?

A

Anemia

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21
Q

When your patient has clubbing of their finger nails (wide and flat) what is this indicative of?

A

COPD

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22
Q

When a pulse is palpated at the sternal notch what does that signify?

A

Aortic arch aneurysm

23
Q

What is babinski’s sign (reflex)

A

A neurological exam of a newborn. When the plantar surface is brushed, the big toe will curl. If this is present, this indicates normal neurological development in an infant. It should fade and never return. If a child or adult has a present reflex, or if an infant has a one sided reflex, or the infants toes curl upwards, it could indicate a problem with the central nervous system.

24
Q

What is the bainbridge reflex (atrial reflex)?

A

An increase in heart rate due to an increase in central venous pressure.

25
Q

What is barlows maneuver?

A

A physical exam to determine hip dysplasia in infants. It is performed by bringing the thigh midline, while applying light pressure on the knee and directing the force posteriorly. A dislocatable hip indicates a positive test.

26
Q

What is Kussmaul sign?

A

A paradoxical rise in JVD on inspiration. Associated with constrictive pericarditis, right ventricular infarction, and right sided heart failure

27
Q

What is Wolff Parkinson white syndrome?

A

Disorder of the electrical system of the heart. Presents as a delta wave on EKG readings with a short PR interval.

28
Q

What is battles sign?

A

Bruising behind the ear (mastoid ecchymosis) that indicates a fracture at the base of the skull (posterior cranial fossa) and could mean there is underlying brain trauma. Usually takes a day to appear.

29
Q

What are cheyne-stokes respirations?

A

Abnormal breathing with progressively deeper and sometimes faster breathing, with a slowing of respirations followed by a period of apnea. The pattern repeats in 30 second to 2 min spans and can occur from heart failure, strokes, traumatic brain injury, and can be seen after morphine administration.

30
Q

What are biots respirations?

A

Abnormal breathing pattern characterized by groups of quick, shallow, respirations followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea. Caused by damage to the pons or from opiate use. May or may not be considered synonymous with cheyne-stokes.

31
Q

What is becks triad?

A

Signs indicative of of cardiac Tamponade

  • hypotensive with narrowing pulse pressure
  • JVD
  • muffled heart tones
32
Q

What is cushings triad? (Reflex)

A

The nervous system response to increased ICP.

  • increased BP
  • irregular respirations
  • bradycardic (low pulse)
33
Q

What is dahl’s sign?

A

Commonly seen in COPD patients due to constant tripoding. Darkened and thickened skin (hyperkeratotic) around the elbows and lower thighs.

34
Q

What is Waddell’s triad?

A

Injury pattern most consistent with pedestrian children who are struck by motor vehicles. Composed of contra lateral head injury, fractured femoral shaft, and intra-thoracic or intra-abdominal injury.

35
Q

What is whipple’s triad?

A

Used to suggest that a patients condition is the result of hypoglycemia. Consists of 3 criteria…

  1. ) symptoms known or likely to be caused by hypoglycemia especially after fasting or vigorous exercise.
  2. ) low BG reading at times of symptoms
  3. ) relief of symptoms after BG is raised to normal
36
Q

What is a Don Juan fracture?

A

A fracture caused by a fall from a height where the person lands or attempts to land on their feet. Symptoms include swelling of the area, pain, inability to bear weight and limping

37
Q

What is Franks sign?

A

Diagonal earlobe crease extending from the tragus to the ear lobe. Linked to cardiovascular disease, but not the severity of the disease. No predictive value in First Nations or Asian individuals

38
Q

What is grey turners sign?

A

Bruising on the flanks that is indicative of retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Takes 24-48 hours to develop and can predict acute pancreatitis. May be accompanied by Cullen’s sign. Both can indicate pancreatic necrosis and intra abdominal bleeding

39
Q

What is Hammans sign?

A

A crunching or rasping sign that coincides with heartbeat. Best heard at the point of apical pulse. Caused by pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, tracheobronchial injury, and can be heard with spontaneous pneumothorax.

40
Q

What is Homans sign?

A

Also called dorsiflexion sign, discomfort behind the knee upon forced dorsiflexion and can be indicative of a DVT. not a significant diagnostic indicator.

41
Q

What is kernigs sign?

A

The patient lies flat on their back and bends the legs at a 90 degree angle at the hips and knees and the leg is extended straight while still bent at the hip. If the leg cannot be moved due to pain, this is a positive kernigs sign and indicates meningitis

42
Q

What are korotkoff sounds?

A

Sounds heard from the measurement of blood pressure when a stethoscope is placed over the brachial artery in the antecubital space. Heard between times that systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure is equal to the pressure of the blood pressure cuff.

43
Q

What are Kussmaul respirations?

A

Deep and labored breathing associated with metabolic acidosis. Most commonly occurs with DKA.

44
Q

What is Leopolds maneuver?

A

Used to ascertain the position of the fetus in the womb

45
Q

What is Levines sign?

A

Clenched fist over the left side of the chest indicative of ischemic chest pain

46
Q

What is lloyds sign?

A

Tenderness when the back is per cussed at the junction of the 12th rib and spine. Indicative of renal calculus or pyelonephritis

47
Q

What is McBurney’s point?

A

Point that is roughly one-third the distance from the top of the anterior portion of the iliac crest of the belly button. Usually the point at which the appendix is attached to the cecum. Pain in this location is usually associated with acute appendicitis

48
Q

What is Mcmurrays sign?

A

To perform this test, the knee is held by one hand, which is placed along the joint line, and flexed to complete flexion while the foot is held by the sole of the foot with the other hand. The examiner then places one hand on the medial side of the knee to pull the knee towards various positions, pulling the knee laterally or bow legged. The other hand rotates the leg internally while extending the knee. If pain or a “click” is felt, this constitutes a “positive Mcmurray test” for a tear in the LATERAL MENISCUS

49
Q

What is murphys point?

A

Point just below the ribs on the right side, midclavicular, that is the approximate location of the gallbladder. If the patient tries to take a breath while the examiners hand is gently placed where they feel pain, then the gallbladder is tender or swollen

50
Q

What is rombergs test?

A

Standing patient is asked to close their eyes. If the patient loses balance, this is a positive Romberg test, possibly indicating lack of balance due to ETOH or decompression sickness

51
Q

What is rovsings sign?

A

Palpation at the CONTRALATERAL side of McBurney’s point that produces pain at McBurney’s point could be indicative of appendicitis or acute appendicitis

52
Q

What is tic douloureux?

A

Literally means painful tic, trigeminal neuralgia resulting in sudden, severe stabbing or shock like pain on the side of the face that can last a few seconds or a few minutes, with recurrent periods lasting several hours. Can be provoked by the face being touched. Believed to be the result of wearing down of the myelin around the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V (5))

53
Q

What is Von Graefe’s sign?

A

Lagging of the upper eyelid when the eye is rotated downwards. Indicative of exophthalmic tumors associated with Graves’ disease (hyperthyroidism)

Patient Assessment Signs (1 decks)

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