Patient Assessment

Question 1

Patient assessment structure:

Answer 1

1. Initiation:
   - Preparing to arrive on scene
   - Rapid assessment: sick/not sick; WOB; appearance
   - Primary survey
   - Establishing rapport
   - Why call an ambulance
2. HxPC:
   - Events leading up
   - SAMPLE
   - VSS, PSA, RSA, GCS
3. Physical examination and systems review
   - Specific system review
   - Relevant system review
   - Treatment
4. Explanation and planning
   - Diagnosis
   - Info to patient
   - Shared-decision making
5. Closing the session

Question 2

Paediatric Assessment Triangle

Answer 2

Appearance: tone, interactive.
WOB: rhythm, nasal flaring, retraction, positioning, sounds.
Circulation: central cap refill.

Question 3

ETHANE

Answer 3

Exact location
Type of accident
Hazards
Access and egress
Number of patients
Emergency services requried

Question 4

PSA - Components

Answer 4

• Cap refill
• Pulse
• BP
• Skin
• Conscious state

Question 5

Borderline PSA

Answer 5

Cap refill <2 secs
Pulse 50-200
SBP 80-100
Cool, pale and clammy
Alert and oriented

Question 6

Inadequate PSA

Answer 6

Cap refill >3 secs
Pulse <50 >100
SBP <80
Cool, pale and clammy
Altered conscious state

Question 7

RSA - Components

Answer 7

Conscious state
Appearance
Pulse
RR
Rythm
Effort
Speach
Sounds
SpO2

Question 8

GCS - Components

Answer 8

Eyes:
4 - alert
3- Voice
2- Pain
1 - None
Voice:
5- Normal
4 - Confused
3- Inappropriate words
2- Slurring
1 - Nil
Motor:
6 - Obeys
5 - Localises
4 - Withdraws
3 - flexion
2- Extension
1 - None