Paticle theory matter Flashcards
What is density?
Density is the amount of particles in a substance
How do you measure density?
D=m/v
What is synthetic fibres
Synthetic fibres is the opposite of natural fibres (fibres made from animal skins or furs.) So it is human made from chemicals.
The 5 parts of the particle theory.
- All matter is made of particles.
- Particles have space between them.
- Particles are always moving.
- Particles move faster and get farther apart when heated.
- Particles are attracted to each other.
Explain melting
Melting is when the particles in a solid start to move more freely.
Explain boiling
The particles are given more energy and move faster and faster expanding the liquid.
Diffusion
The spreading of a substance when placed in another. It is rapid in gases and slower in liquid and, if even at all, slower in solids. Particles move to where there is a lot of particles (concentrated) to where there isn’t many particles to reach a state of equilibrium (until there is an even amount of particles everywhere.)
Expansion and contraction
When substances expand or contract, their particles stay the same size. Substances expand (increase in size) when they get warmer, and they contract (decrease in size) when they get cooler.
Air pressure
Air pressure is when the particles bounce of the walls of the substance keeping something for example, a balloon inflated
What is temperature measure in?
Celsius
What is heat measured in?
Joules
How is temperature determined??
Temperature is determined of how fast the particles are moving- how hot or cold it is
How is heat determined?
Heat is thermal energy that is transferred from a hotter system to a cooler system which were in contact.
What is conduction?
Conduction is the process which heat, or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance without any contact. Heat heats up one particle then that particle vibrates and spreads until it is equilibrium.
What is convection?
Convection is when the heat molecules expand due to heat. This can only happen in liquids and gases since in solids the particles are tightly impacted and for convection to take place the particles need to be free to expand.
