Pathophysiology Flashcards
1
Q
Pathophysiology
A
- Study of changes in the normal physical, chemical or mechanical processes which cause disease
- If you understand the cause of disease
- You can prevent it
- You may treat it better
2
Q
Pathos
A
Suffering
3
Q
Physio
A
Nature, origin
4
Q
Ology
A
Study of
5
Q
Homeostasis
A
•Communication within the body
-Cellular level
-Chemical signals
•Bodies internal balance
6
Q
Negative Feedback
A
- ”Off” switch, inhibits the original stimulus
- Insulin released to lower BGL to normal
- Glucose is at normal level, Insulin shuts off
7
Q
Positive Feedback
A
- Intensifies signal, enhances the original signal
- Oxytocin released in larger quantities to intensify labor contractions
- Blood clotting (platelet aggregation) at injury site is another example
8
Q
Adaption
A
Cells exposed to adverse conditions will protect themselves from injury
9
Q
Atrophy
A
Decrease in cell size
10
Q
Hypertrophy
A
Increase cell size
11
Q
Hyperplasia
A
Increase number of specific cells
Cell division
12
Q
Dysplasia
A
Change size, shape, and organization
13
Q
Metaphasia
A
Change type of cell
14
Q
Hypoxic Cellular Injury
A
•MOST Common cause of cell injury -Hypoxemia** •MOST common cause of hypoxia -⬇️ O2 in air -Loss of hemoglobin function -⬇️ number of red blood cells -Respiratory or cardiovascular Dz •Reversible = Ischemia •Irreversible = Necrosis
15
Q
Chemical Injury
A
•Poisons -Cyanide, pesticides •Lead -Brain Injury •Carbon monoxide -Hemoglobin affinity 200 times greater than O2 •Pharmacological agents -Drugs
