pathophysiology Flashcards
1
Q
where is insulin and glucagon produced?
A
Islets of langerhan
2
Q
what do alpha cells secrete?
A
glucagon
3
Q
what do beta cells secrete?
A
Insulin
4
Q
what does glucagon do?
A
- accelerates the conversion of stored glycogen in the liver to glucose
- promotes fat and protein breakdown in order to provide an alternative source of glucose via lipolysis
- influences the production of ketone bodies
- acts as an antagonist to insulin which causes BM to rise
5
Q
what does insulin do?
A
- allows glucose uptake into cells
- allows potassium uptake into cells
- promotes cell growth
- inhibits hormone sensitive lipase
- promotes uptake of amino acids into muscle
- stimulates glycogen synthesis
- prevents ketone production
- regulates BM
6
Q
What happens when insulin production stops?
A
only 10% of islet cell function remains… usually disappears in next few years.
7
Q
the antigen provokes…
A
a normal immune response in the body
8
Q
an attack against beta cells causes?
A
an inflammatory response (insulinitis)
9
Q
what happens the islets of langerhan after insulinitis?
A
infiltrated with T cellsand B cells are mistaken as foreign by the immune system
