Pathophysiology Flashcards
Obesity is considered a ____ disorder, placing individuals at increased risk of ____ from the accumulation of excess and abnormal body fat.
Complex heterogenous disorder. Increased risk of adverse health consequences.
Obesity is classified as…
A chronic medical disease
Using BMI, obesity is classified by…
BMI above 30 kg/m^2
Some limitations to using BMI to evaluate obesity include…
Body composition - fat is not differentiated from muscle or bone
Not intended for individual assessment
Inaccuracies in certain populations
Does not consider waist size/abdominal fat
Widely used to assess + classify but NOT an accurate tool
Some populations where BMI may not be accurate include…
Elderly
Acutely ill
Pregnancy
Other ethnicities
An alternative/adjunctive measurement to BMI is…
Waist circumference
WC is strongly associated with CV + all-cause mortality, particularly when adjusting for BMI
Some adverse health outcomes resulting from obesity include…
CV disease
T2DM
Liver disease
Increased risk of cancer
However physically fit people with obesity have a lower risk of mortality than unfit lean people
Some risk factors that may contribute to obesity include…
Lower socioeconomic status
Genetic predisposition
Highly processed diet/physical inactivity
Issues with sleep
Stress
Mental health conditions
Medications
When viewing obesity as a chronic disease, it should be based on the presence of…
Functional, medical, and/or psychosocial impairments related to presence of abnormal or excessive body fat
Weight bias/stigma refers to…
People who are overweight having to face judgement from individual people, HCP’s, and society
With obesity patients + nutrition, we need to recognize that…
The relationship between weight gain, nutrition and the brain is very complex
The three management strategies with obesity include…
Lifestyle
Pharmacotherapy
Bariatric surgery
