Pathomorphology 10 slides

Question 1

Fatty Liver

1. what are the special preparations?
2. what are the special stains involved ?
3. Does the fat present any color ?

Answer 1

1. frozen material, not paraffin embedded
2. Sudan oil/ red
3. no- fat is colorless

Question 2

Histopathology of fatty liver

Answer 2

-large cytoplasmic vacuoles (liposomes) in almost all hepatocytes
-vacuoles are formed by lipid droplets (dissolved during dehydration in a series of alcohols)

Question 3

Causes of fatty liver

Answer 3

alcohol abuse
diabetes
toxins
-abnormal build up of triglycerides with in hepatocytes

Question 4

Hyalin Change in Kidney
(chronic glomerulonephritis)

Answer 4

Extracellular protein accumulation
associated with impregnation stroma by (exudate) from plasma into glomerular structure

Question 5

give examples on where to see hyaline change in kidney ?

Answer 5

commonly seen in old age or secondary to other pathologic process (Fibrosis inflammation)

Question 6

Histopathology of chronic glomerulonephritis

Answer 6

homogenous, eosinophilic masses in areas of POST inflammatory fibrosis
Atrophy of tubule
completely changed

Question 7

Intracellular Glycogen Accumulation in the hepatocyte

1. describe the histopathology ?
2. name the special staining process ?

Answer 7

1. there are vacuoles with in the nucleus of hepatocytes
   (EMPTY NUCLEUS)
2. PAS

Question 8

How does the abnormal accumulation of glucose happen what are the causes ?

Answer 8

diabetes (abnormal glucose metabolism)
chronic heart failure
Von Gierke
Acromegaly
Wilson disease
Infectious disease (children)

Question 9

Describe the vacuoles of accumulation of glycogen in hepatocytes ?

Answer 9

Vacuoles are smaller that fatty liver with a dark ring around

Question 10

BROWN ATROPY OF THE CARDIAC MUSCLE
1. what kind of accumulation events happen in brown atrophy?
2. what is atrophy ?
3. Describe what brown atrophy mean ?
4. what is LIPOFUSIN
5. where are these pigments usually found ?
6. which cells are terminantly differentiated

Answer 10

1. endogenous pigment accumulation (lipofusin)
2. A DECREASE in the size of cell or organ
3. accumulation of ENDOGENOUS (yellow-brown) pigment called LIPOFUSIN
4. is an endogenous yellow brown pigment that accumulates in age
5. found predominatly in cells that are terminantly differtiated
6. cardiac myocytes and neurons ( some hepatocytes)

Question 11

What is the macroscopy and histopathology

brown atrophy of cardiac muscle

Answer 11

cardiac tissue is brown
Golden-brown (INTRACYTOPLASMIC) granules at both end s of thr nuclei

Question 12

Physiological cause of BROWN ATROPHY of CARDIAC MUSCLE

Answer 12

1. aging
2. brown lipofuscin from oxidation -found near nucleus
3. pigment degeneration (endogenous)

brown atgropy cardiac muscle

Question 13

Anthracosis of the Lung
1. what accumulates in the lymphnodes and lymphatics ?
2. coal pigment is usually found in
3. Severe anthracosis can lead to ?
4. what type of adults are most likely to develop severe anthracosis ?

anthracosis

Answer 13

1. anthracosis (coal dust) black lung
2. regular lung of an adult
3. minimal pulmunary fibrosis
4. smokers and coal workers (people exposed)

anthracosis

Question 14

Anthracosis

1. Describe the macroscopy ?

Answer 14

1. net-like black markings
2. satellite round foci- in subpleural localization
3. anthracotic** hilar** lymph nodes are black and moist

Question 15

Anthracosis
1. Describe the histopathology

anthracosis

Answer 15

1. black carbon pigment with in macrophage of cytoplasm
2. black carbon in connective tissue
3. black carbon in hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes

anthracosis