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CXR > Pathology on CXR > Flashcards

Pathology on CXR Flashcards

1
Q

What are the findings in aortic injury?

A

Widened mediastinum
Abnormal aortic contours
Obscured aorticopulmonary window

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2
Q

What is the differential for a widened mediastinum, abnormal aortic contours, obscured aorticopulmonary window?

A

Aortic dissection
Aortic aneurysm
Lymphadenopathy

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3
Q

What are the next steps for treating a widened mediastinum, abnormal aortic contours, and obscured aorticopulmonary window?

A

Transesophageal Echo/Contrast CT to confirm diagnosis
Beta blockers to reduce HR and strain
Surgical consult

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4
Q

What are the findings in CHF?

A

Widened cardiac silouhette
Increase pulmonary markings (Kerley B lines)
Blunting of costophrenic angles (pulmonary edema)

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5
Q

What is the differential for widened cardiac silouhette, increased pulmonary markings, and blunting of costophrenic angles?

A 
CHF
Pneumonia
Neoplasm
Nephrotic Syndrome
Pericarditis
MI/ACS
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6
Q

What is the plan for a widened cardiac silouhette, increased pulmonary markings, and blunting of costophrenic angles?

A

Echo and EKG to assess heart
Cardiac enzymes to assess MI
ACE Inhibitor or Diuretics to relieve fluid backup

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7
Q

What are the findings in pneumonia?

A

Consolidation in a lobe

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8
Q

What is the differential for consolidation in a lobe?

A 
Pneumonia
Pulmonary Infarct
Neoplasm
Contusion and Inflammation
TB
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9
Q

What is the treatment for consolidation in a lobe?

A

Sputum culture
Antibiotics
f/u CXR to assess clearance

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10
Q

What are the normal findings for pneumothorax?

A

Peripheral lucency and a pleural line

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11
Q

What is the differential for peripheral lucency and a pleural line?

A

Pneumothorax
Artifact
Emphysema
Pleural Bleb

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12
Q

What is the treatment for peripheral lucency and a pleural line?

A

u/s to confirm diagnosis
chest tube/needle decompression
O2

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13
Q

What are the normal findings for a pulmonary embolism?

A

Probably normal

May see elevated hemidiaphragms, small pleural effusion, hamptons hump, westermarks sign (loss of vascular markings)

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14
Q

What is the differential for a normal CXR with westermarks sign, hamptons hump, elevated hemildiaphragms and small pleural effusion?

A

PE
MI
Pneumonia
COPD

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15
Q

What is the treatment for normal CXR with hamptons hump, westermarks sign, elevated hemidiaphragms, and small pleural effusion?

A 
Check d-dimer
Anticoagulant ASAP
EKG and Echo
V/q scan
Pulmonary arteriogram/CTA
u/s Leg for DVT
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16
Q

What is the normal finding for a neoplasm?

A

Solitary nodule or mass (3cm is cutoff)

17
Q

What is the differential for a single solitary mass?

A

Cancer
Hamartoma
Infectious process (TB)

18
Q

What is the treatment plan for single solitary nodule?

A 
CT/MRI
CBC/CMP/Sputum
PET Scan
If tumor chemo or possible resection (based on metastasis)
Monitor change in size

CXR (2 decks)

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