Pathology of the Ovaries & Fallopian Tube

Question 1

Follicle cysts are often incidental findings in nonpregnant women. What is the origin of these cysts?

Answer 1

Unruptured Graafian follicles or follicles that resealed immediately after rupture

Question 2

Luteal cysts form from delayed resolution of the corpus luteum. What findings are expected in histologic analysis?

Answer 2

Large, luteinized granulosa cells

Question 3

What physical findings are commonly present in patients with PCOS?

Answer 3

Obese/high BMI, hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, acne

Question 4

What hormonal findings will be present in a patient with PCOS?

Answer 4

High levels of androgens, LH, and estrogen

Low progesterone

Question 5

This disorder presents similarly to PCOS, however, luteinized, lipid-rich stromal cells are found on histology.

Answer 5

Stromal Hyperthecosis

Question 6

This disorder is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus.

Answer 6

Endometriosis

Question 7

Ovarian tumors are derived from what cells?

Answer 7

Surface epithelial cells, germ cells, and sex cord-stromal cells

Question 8

True/False. Ovarian tumors are most common in women who have been pregnant.

Answer 8

False - they are most common in women who have never been pregnant and undergone more ovulations

Question 9

What gene mutations are most common with serous borderline tumors?

Answer 9

Mutations of KRAS or BRAF

Question 10

This benign cyst is filled with a thin, clear fluid and is derived from surface epithelium.

Answer 10

Serous cystadenoma

Question 11

What genetic mutation is most commonly associated with high-grade serous carcinoma?

Answer 11

p53 mutations

Question 12

Low-grade serous carcinoma arises from serous borderline tumors. What is the gross morphology of these tumors?

Answer 12

Serous cyst lined with papillary tumor growths

Question 13

Psammoma bodies are associated with what ovarian or fallopian tube cancer?

Answer 13

Serous carcinoma