Pathology of The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.

most common type of heart disease that causes insufficient supply of oxygen

Answer 1

Coronary Artery Disease

Question 2

Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to a buildup of cholesterol plaques.

Answer 2

Atherosclerosis

Question 3

A deposit of plaque in the arterial wall.

Answer 3

Atheroma

Question 4

Episodes of severe chest pain caused by inadequate blood flow to the myocardium.

Answer 4

Angina pectoris

Question 5

A syndrome in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s need for oxygen and nutrients.

Answer 5

Congestive heart failure

Question 6

Abnormally slow resting heart rate.

heart rate below usually 40-60 bps

Answer 6

Bradycardia

Question 7

A fast heartbeat of sudden onset.

originating at or above the AV node

Answer 7

Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia

Question 8

aka “Heart Attack “

Answer 8

Myocardial Infarction

Question 9

A localized area of tissue death caused by an interruption of blood supply.

Answer 9

Infarct

Question 10

aka “A-fib”. An irregular quivering of the atria.

Contractions of atria become rapid and uncontrolled

Answer 10

Atrial fibrillation

Question 11

Rapid, irregular, useless contractions of the heart. Usually fatal unless reversed by electric defibrillation.

Answer 11

Ventricular fibrillation

Question 12

Inflammation involving several arteries.

Answer 12

Polyarteritis

Question 13

A localized balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery.

Answer 13

Aneurysm

Question 14

Thickening and loss of elasticity of artery walls.

Answer 14

Arteriosclerosis

Question 15

Inflammation of a vein

Answer 15

Phlebitis

Question 16

Having a thrombus attached to the interior wall of a deep vein. Sometimes forms in the legs of patients who are bedridden.

Answer 16

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Question 17

Is a foreign object, such as a blood clot or piece of tissue circulating in the blood.

Answer 17

Embolus

Question 18

Blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vessel.

Answer 18

Thrombus

Question 19

Any pathological condition of the cellular elements of the blood.

Answer 19

Blood dyscrasia

Question 20

aka “Iron overload disease”.

A genetic disorder in which the intestines absorbs too much “iron”

Answer 20

Hemochromatosis

Question 21

aka “Blood Poisoning”. Sometimes called “Sepsis”.

A systemic condition often associated with “severe infections” caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream.

Answer 21

Septicemia

Question 22

aka “Pre-leukemia”. Type of cancer in which there is insufficient production of (one or more types of) the blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow.

Answer 22

Myelodysplastic syndrome

Question 23

A blood disorder in which red blood cells are larger than normal.

Answer 23

Megaloblastic anemia

Question 24

Narrowing of a blood vessel.

Answer 24

Angiostenosis

Question 25

aka “Vasculitis”. Inflammation of a blood vessel.

Answer 25

Angitis

Question 26

Spasmodic contraction of the blood vessel.

Answer 26

Angiospasm

Question 27

A sudden contraction of a blood vessel.

Answer 27

Vasospasm

Question 28

Potentially life-threatening fast, irregular heartbeats.

Answer 28

Fibrillation

Question 29

Abnormally swollen “veins” due to improper functioning of valves.

Answer 29

Varicose veins

Question 30

Abnormally small number of circulating platelets. Often associated with abnormal bleeding.

Answer 30

Thrombocytopenia

Question 31

A cancer that is characterized by progressive number of abnormal leukocytes in tissues, organs, and blood.

(Type of cancer that is based on rate of progression and type of white blood cells involved)

Answer 31

Leukemia

Question 32

Occurs upon standing up

Answer 32

Orthostatic Hypotension

Question 33

Is a disorder of the blood vessels located outside of the heart and brain.

Answer 33

Peripheral vascular disease