Pathology of The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.
most common type of heart disease that causes insufficient supply of oxygen
Coronary Artery Disease
Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to a buildup of cholesterol plaques.
Atherosclerosis
A deposit of plaque in the arterial wall.
Atheroma
Episodes of severe chest pain caused by inadequate blood flow to the myocardium.
Angina pectoris
A syndrome in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s need for oxygen and nutrients.
Congestive heart failure
Abnormally slow resting heart rate.
heart rate below usually 40-60 bps
Bradycardia
A fast heartbeat of sudden onset.
originating at or above the AV node
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
aka “Heart Attack “
Myocardial Infarction
A localized area of tissue death caused by an interruption of blood supply.
Infarct
aka “A-fib”. An irregular quivering of the atria.
Contractions of atria become rapid and uncontrolled
Atrial fibrillation
Rapid, irregular, useless contractions of the heart. Usually fatal unless reversed by electric defibrillation.
Ventricular fibrillation
Inflammation involving several arteries.
Polyarteritis
A localized balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery.
Aneurysm
Thickening and loss of elasticity of artery walls.
Arteriosclerosis
Inflammation of a vein
Phlebitis
Having a thrombus attached to the interior wall of a deep vein. Sometimes forms in the legs of patients who are bedridden.
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Is a foreign object, such as a blood clot or piece of tissue circulating in the blood.
Embolus
Blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vessel.
Thrombus
Any pathological condition of the cellular elements of the blood.
Blood dyscrasia
aka “Iron overload disease”.
A genetic disorder in which the intestines absorbs too much “iron”
Hemochromatosis
aka “Blood Poisoning”. Sometimes called “Sepsis”.
A systemic condition often associated with “severe infections” caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream.
Septicemia
aka “Pre-leukemia”. Type of cancer in which there is insufficient production of (one or more types of) the blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow.
Myelodysplastic syndrome
A blood disorder in which red blood cells are larger than normal.
Megaloblastic anemia
Narrowing of a blood vessel.
Angiostenosis
aka “Vasculitis”. Inflammation of a blood vessel.
Angitis
Spasmodic contraction of the blood vessel.
Angiospasm
A sudden contraction of a blood vessel.
Vasospasm
Potentially life-threatening fast, irregular heartbeats.
Fibrillation
Abnormally swollen “veins” due to improper functioning of valves.
Varicose veins
Abnormally small number of circulating platelets. Often associated with abnormal bleeding.
Thrombocytopenia
A cancer that is characterized by progressive number of abnormal leukocytes in tissues, organs, and blood.
(Type of cancer that is based on rate of progression and type of white blood cells involved)
Leukemia
Occurs upon standing up
Orthostatic Hypotension
Is a disorder of the blood vessels located outside of the heart and brain.
Peripheral vascular disease
