Pathology of Rashes

Question 1

List 7 functions of the skin

Answer 1

Barrier
Thermoregulation
Immune function
Protection from UV light (melanocytes)
Endocrine function (convert UV into vitamin D
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Sensory

Question 2

Where are melanocytes found

Answer 2

The dermo-epidermal junction

Question 3

Where are desmosomes found in the skin

Answer 3

Prickle cell layer

Question 4

What type of collagen is in the dermis

Answer 4

Type 1 and type 111 collagen

Question 5

What is hyperkeratosis

Answer 5

Increase of thickness in the keratin layer

Question 6

What is parakeratosis

Answer 6

Increase in nuclei in the keratin layer

Question 7

What is acanthosis

Answer 7

Increase of thickness in the epidermis

Question 8

What is papillomatosis

Answer 8

Irregular epithelial thickening

Question 9

What is spongiosis

Answer 9

Oedema in the intercellular spaces in the epithelium

Question 10

Name the 4 types of inflammatory skin diseases

Answer 10

Spongiotic intraepidermal oedema
Psoriasiform
ichenoid-basal layer damage
Vesticulobullous-blistering

Question 11

Describe lichenoid disorders

Answer 11

Conditions characterised by damage to basal epidermis

Question 12

Briefly describe pemphigus

Answer 12

Loss of integrity of epidermal cell adhesion

Question 13

What is used to treat pemphigus

Answer 13

Steroids

Question 14

What is the end result of pemphigus vulgaris

Answer 14

Acantholysis (loss of intercellular connection

Question 15

Describe bullous pemphigoid

Answer 15

Subepidermal blisters

Question 16

How does bullous pemphigoid occur

Answer 16

IgG reacts with antigen of hemidesmosomes on basal cells

Question 17

What haplotype is dermatitis herpetiformis associated with

Answer 17

HLA-DQ2

Question 18

What hormone increases causing acne vulagaris

Answer 18

Androgens

Question 19

What is rosacea

Answer 19

Recurrent facial flushing

Question 20

What does rocasea sometime respond to

Answer 20

Tetracyclines